THE ECONOMIC COSTS OF ALCOHOL-RELATED ABSENTEEISM AND REDUCED PRODUCTIVITY AMONG THE WORKING POPULATION OF NEW-ZEALAND
THE ECONOMIC COSTS OF ALCOHOL-RELATED ABSENTEEISM AND REDUCED PRODUCTIVITY AMONG THE WORKING POPULATION OF NEW-ZEALAND
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1360-0443.1995.901114553.x
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发表时间：
1995-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
ZHANG, JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JONES, S;CASSWELL, S;ZHANG, JF
生产力损失在酒类总成本中占了相当大的比例。这项研究使用了从1990年11月至1992年5月在奥克兰进行的四次酒精调查收集的调查数据，量化了与酒精消费相关的成本。总样本量为4662人，其中2638人为带薪饮酒者。一种计算机辅助电话访问系统被用来访问与奥克兰人口非常匹配的随机样本。受访者提供了关于他们典型的饮酒量和因饮酒而缺勤的有偿工作频率的信息。他们还报告了在过去12个月中，他们因饮酒而感到工作受挫的次数。旷工的成本被记录为被调查者报告的离开工作时间的次数乘以总收入。工作效率降低的估计是根据美国的数据得出的，该数据估计重酒使用者的工作表现下降了25%；3.7%的样本报告与酒精有关的缺勤，12%的样本报告效率下降。在饮酒量最高的10%和饮酒量最低的10%的人之间，报告的缺勤天数和成本以及效率下降的天数都有显著差异。据保守估计，新西兰(人口340万，人均绝对酒精消费量9.7升)劳动人口因酒精造成的生产力损失为每年5,700万美元。
Lost productivity accounts for a significant proportion of the total cost of alcohol. This study quantifies the costs associated with alcohol consumption using survey data collected from four alcohol surveys conducted in Auckland between November 1990 to May 1992. The total sample size was 4662, of which 2638 were drinkers in paid employment. A computer-assisted telephone interviewing system was used to interview a random sample that closely matched the Auckland population. Respondents gave information about their typical alcohol consumption and frequency of absences from paid employment which were a result of their drinking. They also gave a report of the number of times in the past 12 months when they felt their work had been impaired as a result of their drinking. The cost of absenteeism was recorded as the number of times a respondent reported time away from work multiplied by gross income. Estimates of reduced work efficiency were derived from US figures, which estimated a 25% reduction in work performance among heavy alcohol users; 3.7% of the sample reported alcohol-related absences and 12% reported reduced efficiency days. There was a significant difference in both the number and cost of absentee and reduced efficiency days reported between the top 10% and the bottom 10% drinkers. A conservative estimate of alcohol-related lost productivity among the working population of New Zealand (with a population of 3.4 million and a per capita absolute alcohol consumption of 9.7 litres) was found to be $57 million per year.