A novel environmental DNA approach to quantify the cryptic invasion of non-native genotypes
A novel environmental DNA approach to quantify the cryptic invasion of non-native genotypes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/1755-0998.12460
复制
发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Minamoto, Toshifumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Uchii, Kimiko;Doi, Hideyuki;Minamoto, Toshifumi
与本地物种密切相关的非本地物种的入侵可导致本地物种的竞争性消除和/或通过杂交的基因组灭绝。这种入侵往往在被发现之前就变得严重，对生物多样性构成前所未有的威胁。由于从欧亚大陆引进的非本地品种的入侵，日本本地品种的普通鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）已濒临灭绝。在这里，我们提出了一个快速的环境DNA为基础的方法来定量监测入侵的非本地基因型。使用该系统，我们开发了一种方法来定量的相对比例的本地和非本地的DNA的基础上的单核苷酸多态性，使用循环探针技术在实时PCR。该方法的效率在水族箱实验中得到了证实，其中水中天然和非天然DNA的定量比例与天然和非天然基因型的生物量比率密切相关。该方法提供了天然河流和水库中本地和非本地DNA比例的定量估计，这使我们能够估计非本地基因型的入侵程度，而无需捕获和分析个体鱼类。我们的方法将极大地促进定量监测过程中的非本地同种入侵的水生生态系统，从而揭示了一个有前途的方法，在生物多样性保护的风险评估和管理。
The invasion of non-native species that are closely related to native species can lead to competitive elimination of the native species and/or genomic extinction through hybridization. Such invasions often become serious before they are detected, posing unprecedented threats to biodiversity. A Japanese native strain of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) has become endangered owing to the invasion of non-native strains introduced from the Eurasian continent. Here, we propose a rapid environmental DNA-based approach to quantitatively monitor the invasion of non-native genotypes. Using this system, we developed a method to quantify the relative proportion of native and non-native DNA based on a single-nucleotide polymorphism using cycling probe technology in real-time PCR. The efficiency of this method was confirmed in aquarium experiments, where the quantified proportion of native and non-native DNA in the water was well correlated to the biomass ratio of native and non-native genotypes. This method provided quantitative estimates for the proportion of native and non-native DNA in natural rivers and reservoirs, which allowed us to estimate the degree of invasion of non-native genotypes without catching and analysing individual fish. Our approach would dramatically facilitate the process of quantitatively monitoring the invasion of non-native conspecifics in aquatic ecosystems, thus revealing a promising method for risk assessment and management in biodiversity conservation.