Longitudinal evidence linking processing speed to the development of reasoning.
Longitudinal evidence linking processing speed to the development of reasoning.
复制标题
将处理速度与推理发展联系起来的纵向证据。
DOI：
10.1111/desc.12352
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hulme,Charles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kail,RobertV;Lervåg,Arne;Hulme,Charles
与年龄相关的处理速度变化与推理能力的增加直接相关，也与工作记忆（WM）容量的增加间接相关。大多数将速度变化与推理联系起来的证据来自横截面研究;在本文中，我们介绍了对277名6至13岁奥尔兹进行的为期2年半的纵向研究的结果。在三种情况下，信息处理速度进行了评估与视觉匹配和划掉; WM进行了评估与阅读，听力，向后数字，字母表，和操作跨度任务;和非语言推理进行了评估与乌鸦的渐进矩阵。结果提供了一致的证据，从处理速度的直接联系，推理，但不一致的证据，从速度到WM推理的间接联系。这些发现表明，处理速度的变化可能会直接或间接地限制推理的发展。这篇文章的视频摘要可以在https://youtu.be/nc0VlFdi468上查看。
Age‐related change in processing speed has been linked directly to increases in reasoning as well as indirectly via increases in the capacity of working memory (WM). Most of the evidence linking change in speed to reasoning has come from cross‐sectional research; in this article we present the findings from a 2½‐year longitudinal study of 277 6‐ to‐13‐year‐olds. On three occasions, speed of information processing was assessed with Visual Matching and Cross Out; WM was assessed with reading, listening, backward digit, alphabet, and operation span tasks; and nonverbal reasoning was assessed with Raven's progressive matrices. The results provided consistent evidence of direct links from processing speed to reasoning but inconsistent evidence for indirect links from speed to WM to reasoning. These findings suggest that variations in processing speed may constrain the development of reasoning, directly and perhaps indirectly. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at: https://youtu.be/nc0VlFdi468