The effect of voluntary dehydration on cognitive functions of elementary school children
The effect of voluntary dehydration on cognitive functions of elementary school children
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DOI：
10.1080/08035250500254670
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kozminsky, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bar-David, Y;Urkin, J;Kozminsky, E
目的：（1）通过小学生晨尿和午间尿渗透压来描述两个班级学生自愿脱水的发生情况；（2）确定儿童认知测试得分与其水合状态之间的关系。
方法：6月中旬对沙漠城镇两所学校的58名六年级学生（年龄范围10.1 - 12.4岁）进行分组比较。在学校收集晨尿和午间尿样，并在上午和中午对五项认知测试进行评分。
主要观察指标：（1）晨尿和午间尿渗透压；（2）上午和中午进行的五项认知测试（隐藏图形、听觉数字广度、分组、言语类比和数字加法）的得分。
结果：32名学生晨尿脱水（尿渗透压高于800 mosm/kg H₂O）。个体午间尿渗透压与晨尿渗透压高度相关（r = 0.67，p = 0.000）。水合状态良好和脱水学生的上午认知得分相似（p = 0.443）。以上午测试得分为协变量的午间测试校正平均得分显示，五项测试中有四项总体呈正向趋势，有利于水合良好组（p = 0.025）。这种影响主要归因于听觉数字广度测试（p = 0.024）。
结论：自愿脱水是学龄儿童中的一种常见现象，会对认知功能产生不利影响。
Aims: (1) To describe the occurrence of voluntary dehydration in two classes of elementary school students as expressed by their morning and noon-time urine osmolality; and (2) to determine the relationship between the children's scores on cognitive tests and their state of hydration.Methods: Group comparison among fifty-eight sixth-grade students (age range 10.1-12.4 y old) during mid-June at two schools in a desert town. Morning and noon-time urine samples were collected in school, and five cognitive tests were scored in the morning and at noon-time.Main outcome measures: (1) morning and noon-time urine osmolality; (2) scores of five cognitive tests (hidden figures, auditory number span, making groups, verbal analogies, and number addition) that were applied in the morning and at noon-time. Results: Thirty-two students were dehydrated (urine osmolality above 800 mosm/kg H2O) in the morning. An individual's noon-time urine osmolality was highly related to morning osmolality (r= 0.67, p= 0.000). The morning cognitive scores were similar in the hydrated and dehydrated students (p= 0.443). The adjusted mean scores of the noon-time tests, with the morning test scores as covariates, demonstrated an overall positive trend in four of the five tests in favor of the hydrated group (p= 0.025). The effect was mainly due to the auditory number span test (p= 0.024).Conclusion: Voluntary dehydration is a common phenomenon in school-aged children that adversely affects cognitive functions.