Rotavirus: to the gut and beyond!
Rotavirus: to the gut and beyond!
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DOI：
10.1097/mog.0b013e328011829d
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Conner, Margaret E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blutt, Sarah E.;Conner, Margaret E.
综述目的轮状病毒导致儿童严重胃肠炎。轮状病毒发病机制的一个原理是感染仍然局限于小肠的上皮细胞。最近在实验感染动物和腹泻儿童的血清中发现的轮状病毒对这一教条提出了挑战。由于缺乏证据证明轮状病毒从肠道逃逸，轮状病毒感染与人类多种非胃肠道临床表现的反复关联被认为是虚假的。然而，本综述中概述的新数据表明，轮状病毒通常会进行系统性感染，并突出了争议和未来的研究问题。最近的研究结果已在所有实验动物模型的血清和许多肠外组织中证实了轮状病毒抗原（抗原血症）、RNA 或感染性病毒（病毒血症）。在轮状病毒腹泻儿童的血清中检测到轮状病毒抗原和RNA。人们开始研究支持轮状病毒在肠外复制的组织和细胞类型以及肠外感染储存库的后果。总结轮状病毒感染是全身性的，具有急性活性病毒血症和肠外复制。全身性轮状病毒对疾病负担的影响仍有待确定。
Purpose of reviewRotavirus causes severe gastroenteritis in children. A principle of rotavirus pathogenesis has been that the infection remains localized to epithelial cells in the small intestine. This dogma was challenged by recent findings of rotavirus in the serum of experimentally infected animals and children with diarrhea. Repeated associations of rotavirus infections with a wide range of nongastroenteric clinical manifestations in humans were considered spurious because of lack of proof that rotavirus escaped the intestine. New data outlined in this review, however, show that rotavirus routinely infects systemically and highlight controversies and future research questions.Recent findingsRotavirus antigens (antigenemia), RNA, or infectious virus (viremia) has been demonstrated in the serum and many extraintestinal tissues in all experimental animal models. Rotavirus antigens and RNA have been detected in the sera of children with rotavirus diarrhea. The tissues and cell types that support rotavirus replication outside the intestine and the consequences of extraintestinal reservoirs of infection are beginning to be examined.SummaryRotavirus infection is systemic, with an acute active viremia and extraintestinal replication. The impact of systemic rotavirus on disease burden remains to be determined.