Top-down sustainability transitions in action: How do incumbent actors drive electric mobility diffusion in China, Japan, and California?
Top-down sustainability transitions in action: How do incumbent actors drive electric mobility diffusion in China, Japan, and California?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.erss.2021.102184
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发表时间：
2021-09
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Gregory P. Trencher;Nhi Truong;Pinar Temocin;Mert Duygan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gregory P. Trencher;Nhi Truong;Pinar Temocin;Mert Duygan
在解释社会技术转型如何发生时，流行的理论侧重于由新进入者、不同行为者和在小的受保护的利基市场中的开放式探索驱动的自下而上的过程。现有公司经常被描述为阻碍变革，而使用传统公共政策工具的管理战略仍然没有得到充分研究。为了解决这种偏见，我们研究了中国、日本和加州的现任国家和行业参与者网络所使用的战略，以加速电池电动或氢动力汽车的生产和推广。我们建立了一个全面的框架，系统地结合了发展中国家文献中描述的工业转型机制与转型学术中的社会技术变革理论。然后，我们使用大量的二手文件和访谈的数据集，以检查在每个国家采用的主要策略，确定在两个阶段的技术扩散的变化。研究结果表明，在每个国家的现任演员网络集体采用多种但相似的战略。然而，对具体政策工具（如法规和基于绩效的激励措施）沿着逐步淘汰内燃机车辆的雄心进行更仔细的检查，可以发现不同情况下的差异。我们通过考虑每个国家转型的不同动机和影响社会政治条件来解释这些。我们的研究至少从两个方面丰富了未来的转型研究。从理论上讲，通过整合转型和发展型国家的文献，我们加深了对现任国家和市场参与者如何试图推动社会技术变革的理解。从经验上讲，我们的分析为理解北方以外推动自上而下转型的战略以及影响工具选择的条件提供了重要证据。
In explaining how socio-technical transitions occur, prevailing theories focus on bottom-up processes driven by new entrants, diverse actors and open-ended exploration in small, protected niches. Incumbent firms are frequently portrayed as hampering change, while managerial strategies using traditional public policy instruments remain understudied. Addressing this bias, we examine strategies used by networks of incumbent state and industry actors in China, Japan and California to accelerate the production and diffusion of battery-electric or hydrogen-powered vehicles. We build a comprehensive framework that systematically marries mechanisms of industrial transformation described in developmental-state literature with theories of socio-technical change from transitions scholarship. We then use a vast dataset of secondary documents and interviews to examine the principal strategies employed in each country, identifying variations over two phases of technological diffusion. Findings reveal that the incumbent actor networks in each country have collectively employed multiple but similar strategies. Yet closer inspection of specific policy instruments, such as regulations and performance-based incentives, along with ambitions to phase out vehicles with internal combustion engines, reveals differences across cases. We explain these by considering different motivations for each country’s transition and influencing socio-political conditions. Our study contributes to the enrichment of future transitions research in at least two ways. Theoretically, by integrating literature on transitions and developmental states, we deepen understanding of how incumbent state and market actors can attempt to drive socio-technical change. Empirically, our analysis provides important evidence for understanding the strategies driving top-down transitions outside northern Europe, and the conditions affecting instrument choice.