Brain structure predicts the learning of foreign speech sounds
Brain structure predicts the learning of foreign speech sounds
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhk001
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pallier, Christophe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Golestani, Narly;Molko, Nicolas;Pallier, Christophe
先前的研究显示了顶叶解剖与非母语语音学习之间的关系。我们使用结构磁共振成像和扩散张量成像对一组新的语音学习者进行扫描。基于体素的形态学分析表明，快速学习者的左脑回白质（WM）密度高于慢速学习者，对该结构的人工分割证实，快速学习者的左脑回白质体积大于慢速学习者。这一发现在Golestani和其他人（2002，学习新语音的解剖学相关性）对原始测试组的重新分析中得到了重复。神经元35:997 - 1010)。我们还发现，快速学习者比慢学习者在顶叶体积上有更大的不对称性（左>右），并且与快速学习者相比，右脑岛和HG更优越于慢学习者。这些结果表明，可能反映听觉处理效率的左听觉皮层WM解剖结构，在一定程度上预测了依赖于快速时间处理的语言学习方面的个体差异。研究还表明，右半球语言网络组成部分的全球位移可能反映了语言处理功能解剖和侧化的个体差异，这预示着语音学习。
Previous work has shown a relationship between parietal lobe anatomy and nonnative speech sound learning. We scanned a new group of phonetic learners using structural magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. Voxel-based morphometry indicated higher white matter (WM) density in left Heschl's gyrus (HG) in faster compared with slower learners, and manual segmentation of this structure confirmed that the WM volume of left HG is larger in the former compared with the latter group. This finding was replicated in a reanalysis of the original groups tested in Golestani and others (2002, Anatomical correlates of learning novel speech sounds. Neuron 35:997-1010). We also found that faster learners have a greater asymmetry (left > right) in parietal lobe volumes than slower learners and that the right insula and HG are more superiorly located in slower compared with faster learners. These results suggest that left auditory cortex WM anatomy, which likely reflects auditory processing efficiency, partly predicts individual differences in an aspect of language learning that relies on rapid temporal processing. It also appears that a global displacement of components of a right hemispheric language network, possibly reflecting individual differences in the functional anatomy and lateralization of language processing, is predictive of speech sound learning.