Morphology-controlled synthesis of SnO(2) nanotubes by using 1D silica mesostructures as sacrificial templates and their applications in lithium-ion batteries.
Morphology-controlled synthesis of SnO(2) nanotubes by using 1D silica mesostructures as sacrificial templates and their applications in lithium-ion batteries.
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DOI：
10.1002/smll.200901815
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发表时间：
2010-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Jianfeng Ye;Huijuan Zhang;Rong Yang;Xingguo Li;L. Qi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jianfeng Ye;Huijuan Zhang;Rong Yang;Xingguo Li;L. Qi
利用各种一维二氧化硅介观结构作为牺牲模板，成功地合成了形貌可控的SnO（2）纳米管。首先，以三嵌段共聚物Pluronic F127和阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为二元模板，在水溶液中合成了手性纳米棒、非手性纳米纤维和螺旋纳米管等不同形貌的一维二氧化硅介观结构.随后，以所得的一维SiO2介观结构为牺牲模板，通过简单的水热法合成了具有完整形貌的SnO（2）纳米管，得到了不同长度的SnO（2）纳米管和具有丰富构象的独特螺旋状SnO（2）纳米管。结果表明，短、长SnO（2）纳米管作为锂离子电池负极材料的性能均优于普通SnO（2）纳米粉体，这可能与纳米管中空结构能够有效缓解充放电循环过程中的体积变化和机械应力有关.此外，短纳米管的容量和循环性能，其在30次循环后显示出468 mAh g（-1）的比放电容量，由于短纳米管的更坚固的结构，其比长纳米管的容量和循环性能好得多。
SnO(2) nanotubes with controllable morphologies are successfully synthesized by using a variety of one-dimensional (1D) silica mesostructures as effective sacrificial templates. Firstly, 1D silica mesostructures with different morphologies, such as chiral nanorods, nonchiral nanofibers, and helical nanotubes, are readily synthesized in aqueous solution by using the triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 and the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as binary templates. Subsequently, the obtained 1D silica mesostructures are used as sacrificial templates to synthesize SnO(2) nanotubes with preserved morphologies via a simple hydrothermal route, resulting in the formation of well-defined SnO(2) nanotubes with different lengths and unique helical SnO(2) nanotubes with a wealth of conformations. It is revealed that both of the short and long SnO(2) nanotubes showed much better performance as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries than normal SnO(2) nanopowders, which might be related to the hollow structure of the nanotubes that could alleviate the volume changes and mechanical stress during charging/discharging cycling. Moreover, the capacity and cycling performance of short nanotubes, which showed a specific discharge capacity of 468 mAh g(-1) after 30 cycles, are considerably better than those of long nanotubes because of the more robust structure of the short nanotubes.