Free-living parasite infectious stages promote zooplankton abundance under the risk of predation
Free-living parasite infectious stages promote zooplankton abundance under the risk of predation
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自由生活的寄生虫感染阶段在被捕食的风险下促进浮游动物的丰度
DOI：
10.1007/s00442-019-04503-z
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
J. Koprivnikar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ben Schultz;J. Koprivnikar
自由生活的寄生虫感染阶段，如吸虫（扁形虫）的尾蚴，可以代表大量的生物量在水生生态系统中，但他们与其他水生动物的相互作用知之甚少。考虑到尾蚴被各种水生捕食者消耗，有时甚至优先于浮游动物，它们的存在可能会减少捕食压力，在类似的营养生态位内的自由生活的生物体作为替代猎物。在这里，我们的实验研究如何存在的尾蚴（Plagioris sp.）影响了普通淡水浮游动物（Daphnia sp.）在捕食者（幼虫，Leucorrhythinia intacta）的存在下，已知两者都可以食用。在用水蚤的起始种群接种48个围隔后，我们使用了4种处理（每个重复12次），代表了尾蚴和幼虫的不存在/存在的因子组合，并在4周内跟踪水蚤种群。我们发现了一个显着的交互作用之间的存在尾蚴和捕食者的水蚤种群规模。当面临捕食压力时，水蚤达到约50%的数量时，伴随着尾蚴比没有，这表明后者作为替代猎物的“保护”作用。在水生生态系统中，丰富的吸虫可能被证明是有利的浮游动物群落，共享共同的捕食者，但需要进一步的研究，以确定这是如何变化的捕食者，吸虫，浮游动物类群。
Free-living parasite infectious stages, such as the cercariae of trematodes (flatworms), can represent substantial biomass in aquatic ecosystems, yet their interactions with other planktonic fauna are poorly understood. Given that cercariae are consumed by various aquatic predators, sometimes even preferentially over zooplankton, their presence may decrease predation pressure on free-living organisms within similar trophic niches by serving as alternate prey. Here, we experimentally examined how the presence of cercariae (Plagiorchis sp.) affected the population dynamics of common freshwater zooplankton (Daphnia sp.) in the presence of a predator (the larval dragonfly, Leucorrhinia intacta) known to consume both. After seeding 48 mesocosms with starting populations of Daphnia, we used four treatments (12 replicates each) representing a factorial combination of the absence/presence of both cercariae and dragonfly larvae and tracked Daphnia populations over 4 weeks. We found a significant interaction between the presence of cercariae and predators on Daphnia population size. When faced with predation pressure, Daphnia reached ~ 50% higher numbers when accompanied by cercariae than without, suggesting a “protective” effect of the latter by acting as substitute prey. Within aquatic ecosystems, an abundance of trematodes may prove advantageous for zooplankton communities that share common predators, but further studies will be needed to determine how this varies depending on the predator, trematode, and zooplankton taxa involved.
非宿主生物影响海洋寄生虫两个不同生命阶段的传播
影响因子：
2
作者：
Vielma;Lagrue;Poulin;Selbach
通讯作者：
Selbach