The effects of psychosocial stress on dopaminergic function and the acute stress response
The effects of psychosocial stress on dopaminergic function and the acute stress response
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.46797
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发表时间：
2019-11-12
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Howes, Oliver
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bloomfield, Michael A. P.;McCutcheon, Robert A.;Howes, Oliver
长期的心理社会逆境导致精神疾病的脆弱性。动物研究表明，这可能是由多巴胺能功能障碍所介导的。因此，我们调查了长期暴露于心理社会逆境是否与多巴胺功能障碍有关，以及它与对急性应激的心理和生理反应的关系。采用3，4-二羟基-6-[F-18]-氟-L-苯丙氨酸正电子发射断层扫描技术，比较了17名累积暴露于心理社会逆境的受试者和17名年龄性别匹配、累积暴露程度较低的受试者的多巴胺合成能力。PET扫描是在急性心理社会应激诱导后2小时进行的，使用蒙特利尔成像应激任务来诱导急性心理社会应激。我们发现，在低暴露组中，多巴胺的合成与对急性心理社会应激的主观威胁和生理反应有关。长期暴露于心理社会逆境与纹状体多巴胺能功能受抑有关(p=0.03，d=0.80)，心理社会逆境削弱了生理反应，但增强了对急性心理社会应激的主观反应。未来的研究应该调查这些变化在精神疾病易感性中的作用。
Chronic psychosocial adversity induces vulnerability to mental illnesses. Animal studies demonstrate that this may be mediated by dopaminergic dysfunction. We therefore investigated whether long-term exposure to psychosocial adversity was associated with dopamine dysfunction and its relationship to psychological and physiological responses to acute stress. Using 3,4dihydroxy-6-[F-18]-fluoro-l-phenylalanine ([F-18]-DOPA) positron emission tomography (PET), we compared dopamine synthesis capacity in n = 17 human participants with high cumulative exposure to psychosocial adversity with n = 17 age- and sex-matched participants with low cumulative exposure. The PET scan took place 2 hr after the induction of acute psychosocial stress using the Montreal Imaging Stress Task to induce acute psychosocial stress. We found that dopamine synthesis correlated with subjective threat and physiological response to acute psychosocial stress in the low exposure group. Long-term exposure to psychosocial adversity was associated with dampened striatal dopaminergic function (p = 0.03, d = 0.80) and that psychosocial adversity blunted physiological yet potentiated subjective responses to acute psychosocial stress. Future studies should investigate the roles of these changes in vulnerability to mental illnesses.