Kinematic Design of Functional Nanoscale Mechanisms From Molecular Primitives
Kinematic Design of Functional Nanoscale Mechanisms From Molecular Primitives
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从分子基元进行功能纳米级机构的运动学设计
DOI：
10.1115/1.4051472
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Ilies, Horea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chorsi, Meysam T.;Tavousi, Pouya;Mundrane, Caitlyn;Gorbatyuk, Vitaliy;Kazerounian, Kazem;Ilies, Horea
毛细血管、神经递质和离子通道等天然纳米机制在生命系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。但大自然通过进化发展出来的设计原理尚未得到很好的理解，因此不适用于工程纳米机器。因此，具有规定功能的纳米级机构的设计仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们提出了一种基于已建立的运动学技术的系统方法，用于设计、分析和控制可制造的纳米机器，这些纳米机器具有由有限但可扩展数量的可用“分子基元”构建的规定的移动性和功能。我们的框架允许系统地探索不可简化的简单纳米机器的设计空间，通过将可用的纳米组件组合到具有受限且因此可控运动的系统中，按照规定的运动规范构建。我们表明，所提出的框架使我们能够发现和验证一种具有七连杆、七旋转（7R）闭环空间连接形式的分子，其移动性（自由度（DOF））为一。此外，我们的实验展示了我们的模拟预测的运动类型和范围。通过单独利用和控制它们的运动或作为整体的一部分，将这种结构增强为功能性纳米机制，可以促进众多工程、科学、医疗和消费者应用的发展，这些应用可以从工程纳米机器中受益。
Natural nanomechanisms such as capillaries, neurotransmitters, and ion channels play a vital role in the living systems. But the design principles developed by nature through evolution are not well understood and, hence, not applicable to engineered nanomachines. Thus, the design of nanoscale mechanisms with prescribed functions remains a challenge. Here, we present a systematic approach based on established kinematics techniques to designing, analyzing, and controlling manufacturable nanomachines with prescribed mobility and function built from a finite but extendable number of available “molecular primitives.” Our framework allows the systematic exploration of the design space of irreducibly simple nanomachines, built with prescribed motion specification by combining available nanocomponents into systems having constrained, and consequently controllable motions. We show that the proposed framework has allowed us to discover and verify a molecule in the form of a seven link, seven revolute (7R) closed-loop spatial linkage with mobility (degree-of-freedom (DOF)) of one. Furthermore, our experiments exhibit the type and range of motion predicted by our simulations. Enhancing such a structure into functional nanomechanisms by exploiting and controlling their motions individually or as part of an ensemble could galvanize development of the multitude of engineering, scientific, medical, and consumer applications that can benefit from engineered nanomachines.