How diverse are epiphyte assemblages in plantations and secondary forests in tropical lowlands?
How diverse are epiphyte assemblages in plantations and secondary forests in tropical lowlands?
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DOI：
10.1177/194008291600900205
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Zotz, Gerhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Einzmann, Helena Julia Regina;Zotz, Gerhard
对原始森林的持续破坏使热带森林物种面临巨大的压力，因为栖息地的丧失。这些森林的一个重要生物组成部分是维管附生植物，它们在结构上依赖于树木。在人类改造的景观中，潜在的寄主可能仍然存在，例如以孤立的残余树木、小群种植树木、次生林斑块或人工林的形式存在。在这项研究中，我们评估了木材单一栽培和次生林斑块作为维管附生植物避难所的潜力。在巴拿马西部太平洋沿岸沿降雨梯度（1100 - 4200 mm）研究了年龄不详的柚木、松木人工林和次生林斑块以及一些油棕人工林的附生植物组合。降雨对附生植物多样性和丰度均有预期的正向影响。基于个体的稀疏曲线显示，与次生林斑块相比，木材和油棕人工林的物种丰富度显著低于次生林斑块，而次生林斑块的附生植物种类丰富度也低于同一研究区域内的（栽培和野生）牧场树木。我们的研究结果表明，木材和油棕人工林作为维管附生植物在人类改造景观中的庇护价值有限。次生林斑块在这方面更有希望。
The on-going destruction of old-growth forests puts tropical forest species under great pressure because of the resulting loss of habitat. An important biotic component of these forests are vascular epiphytes, which structurally depend on trees. In human-modified landscapes potential hosts may still be present, e.g. in the form of isolated remnant trees, small groups of planted trees, in patches of secondary forests, or in plantations. For this study, we assessed the potential of timber monocultures and secondary forest patches to function as refuges for vascular epiphytes. We studied epiphyte assemblages in teak and pine plantations and secondary forest patches of unknown age along a rainfall gradient (1100 - 4200 mm) at the Pacific coast of western Panama and also in a few oil palm plantations. Invariably, rainfall had the expected positive influence on epiphyte diversity and abundance. Individual-based rarefaction curves showed that species richness was significantly lower in timber and oil palm plantations compared to secondary forest patches, which in turn hosted less species-rich epiphyte assemblages than (cultivated and wild grown) pasture trees from the same study region. Our results suggest that the value of timber and oil palm plantations as refuges for vascular epiphytes in human-modified landscapes is limited. Secondary forest patches were more promising in that regard.