The Effects of Pet Ownership on Psychological Well-Being Among Socially Isolated Older Adults
The Effects of Pet Ownership on Psychological Well-Being Among Socially Isolated Older Adults
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宠物所有权对社会孤立的老年人心理健康的影响
DOI：
10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1033
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发表时间：
2020-12-16
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Shinkai S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ikeuchi T;Abe T;Taniguchi Y;Seino S;Tomine Y;Shimada C;Kitamura A;Shinkai S
越来越多的证据表明，养宠物与积极的心理结果有关（即，更少的孤独，更低的抑郁，等等）在老年人中。然而，宠物所有权在社会孤立的老年人的心理健康（PWB）的作用还没有得到充分的探讨。在这项研究中，我们假设宠物（即，狗或猫）的所有权将有积极的影响，在社会孤立的老年人的PWB。该研究使用了2016年在日本大都市地区收集的9875名社区居住老年人的横截面数据。总体而言，2841名（28.8%）参与者被社会孤立（即，每周与他人的社交互动少于一次）。根据狗和猫的所有权分层，3143（31.8%）是当前或以前的狗主人，1724（17.5%）是当前或以前的猫主人。使用WHO-5幸福指数评分对PWB进行二分，2730例（27.6%）被确定为低水平PWB。经人口学混杂因素调整的Logistic回归模型显示，社会隔离与较低的PWB（OR：2.39; 95%CI：2.17，2.64）和较低的养狗几率（OR：0.70; 0.63，0.77）相关。当社会隔离和养狗同时进入一个模型作为自变量，养狗与更大的PWB（OR：0.90; 0.81，0.99）。养狗对社会隔离和PWB之间的关联有显著的部分中介作用（Sobel检验p= 0.034）。在养猫方面没有观察到这种联系。我们的研究结果表明，养狗可能对增加社交孤立的老年人的PWB有效。
Accumulating evidence suggests that pet ownership associates with positive psychological outcomes (i.e., less loneliness, lower depression, etc.) in older adults. Yet, the role of pet ownership in psychological well-being (PWB) of socially isolated older adults is not fully explored. In this study, we hypothesized that pet (i.e., dog or cat) ownership would have positive effects on PWB among socially isolated older adults. The study used cross-sectional data of 9875 community-dwelling older adults collected in 2016 in a metropolitan area of Japan. Overall, 2841 (28.8%) participants were socially isolated (i.e., having social interactions with others less than once a week). Stratified by dog and cat ownership, 3143 (31.8%) were current or previous dog owners, and 1724 (17.5%) were current or previous cat owners. PWB was dichotomized using a score of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index, and 2730 (27.6%) were identified as low levels of PWB. Logistic regression models, adjusted for demographic confounders, showed that social isolation was associated with lower PWB (OR: 2.39; 95% CI: 2.17, 2.64) and lower odds of having a dog (OR: 0.70; 0.63, 0.77). When social isolation and dog ownership were entered into a model simultaneously as independent variables, dog ownership was associated with greater PWB (OR: 0.90; 0.81, 0.99). There was a significant partial mediating effect of dog ownership found on the association between social isolation and PWB (Sobel test p=.034). No such associations were observed in cat ownership. Our results suggest that having a dog may be effective for increasing PWB for socially isolated older adults.