Frontal theta predicts specific cognitive control-induced behavioural changes beyond general reaction time slowing.
Frontal theta predicts specific cognitive control-induced behavioural changes beyond general reaction time slowing.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.022
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Cavanagh JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooper PS;Karayanidis F;McKewen M;McLellan-Hall S;Wong ASW;Skippen P;Cavanagh JF
对控制的神经生理学基础的研究表明，额叶θ活动随着控制的需要而增加。然而，这些研究通常通过报告θ增加和RT减慢之间的关联来显示这种联系-这一过程与认知控制同时发生，但并不严格反映控制的具体使用。在这项研究中，我们评估了额叶theta反应，支持任务切换的切换成本-一个特定的认知控制指数，不完全依赖于RT减慢。在这里，我们利用单次试验回归方法来评估1）除了简单的RT减慢之外的认知控制需求如何与中额θ相关联，以及2）中额θ效应是否随时间保持稳定。在一个包括纵向子样本的大型队列中，我们发现中额θ波受到转换成本的调制，当准备转换与重复任务时，θ波功率增强。这些效果在间隔两年后是可靠的（Cronbach α.39-0.74）。相比之下，我们发现，一次又一次的中额θ功率调制预测了转换成本的大小-因此，增加θ功率的转换试验产生了较小的转换成本。有趣的是，随着时间的推移，θ和行为之间的关系不太稳定（克朗巴赫α 00.61），参与者首先使用δ和θ波段来影响行为，而两年后只有θ与行为的关联仍然存在。总之，这些研究结果表明，中额叶θ支持控制需要超越简单的RT减慢，并揭示中额叶θ效应随着时间的推移保持相对稳定。
Investigations into the neurophysiological underpinnings of control suggest that frontal theta activity is increased with the need for control. However, these studies typically show this link by reporting associations between increased theta and RT slowing – a process that is contemporaneous with cognitive control but does not strictly reflect the specific use of control. In this study, we assessed frontal theta responses that underpinned the switch cost in task switching – a specific index of cognitive control that does not rely exclusively on RT slowing. Here, we utilised a single-trial regression approach to assess 1) how cognitive control demands beyond simple RT slowing were linked to midfrontal theta and 2) whether midfrontal theta effects remained stable over time. In a large cohort that included a longitudinal subsample, we found that midfrontal theta was modulated by switch costs, with enhanced theta power when preparing to switch vs. repeating a task. These effects were reliable after a twoyear interval (Cronbach’s α.39–0.74). In contrast, we found that trial-by-trial modulations of midfrontal theta power predicted the size of the switch cost – so that switch trials with increased theta produced smaller switch costs. Interestingly, these relationships between theta and behaviour were less stable over time (Cronbach’s α 00.61), with participants first using both delta and theta bands to influence behaviour whereas after two years only theta associations with behaviour remained. Together, these findings suggest midfrontal theta supports the need for control beyond simple RT slowing and reveal that midfrontal theta effects remain relatively stable over time.
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