A trait-based approach to seasonal dynamics of an alpine and subalpine passerine bird assemblage
A trait-based approach to seasonal dynamics of an alpine and subalpine passerine bird assemblage
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DOI：
10.1007/s10336-022-01962-9
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发表时间：
2022-03
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Daichi Iijima;Atsushi Kobayashi;G. Morimoto;M. Hasegawa;Seiya Abe;M. Murakami
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Daichi Iijima;Atsushi Kobayashi;G. Morimoto;M. Hasegawa;Seiya Abe;M. Murakami
高山生态系统的鸟类群落在繁殖前季节随着物种的相继到来而呈现出剧烈的群落结构季节性变化。由于高山鸟类群落在气候变化下的脆弱性，对这一过程的研究应引起人们的极大兴趣。在本研究中，研究了日本中部Norikura山高山和亚高山带雀形目鸟类群落的季节动态机制。我们对18种鸟类的到达时间进行了实证分析，并收集了6个特征数据：食物种类和觅食方式的数量、体重、最北端越冬区最低温度、觅食和筑巢层。我们分析了这些性状对到达日期的影响，发现最北端越冬区温度较低的物种到达时间较早。我们还发现，当长途迁徙物种被排除在分析之外时，食物类型较小的物种到达得更早。此外，还研究了群落和环境的年动态。从物种组成变化来看，温度与积雪量呈显著相关。该组合物的功能特性在冬季变得更加简单。我们的研究结果表明，鸟类从冬季到夏季的组合动态是由物种的顺序到达所驱动的，这取决于它们在缺乏食物的环境中对低温的行为和/或热生理适应能力。此外，寒冷的气温和深厚的积雪将限制物种在冬季的栖息。
The bird assemblages in high mountain ecosystems exhibit dramatic seasonal changes in community structure following the sequential arrival of species during the pre-breeding season. The investigation of this process should offer the great interest because of the vulnerability of alpine bird assemblages under climate change. In the present study, the mechanisms underlying the seasonal dynamics of a passerine bird assemblage in alpine and subalpine zones were investigated on Mount Norikura in central Japan. We empirically determined the arrival dates of 18 bird species and collected data on 6 traits: the number of food types and foraging methods, body mass, the lowest temperature in the northernmost wintering area, and the foraging and nesting strata. We analyzed the effects of these traits on the arrival date and found that the species with a lower temperature in the northernmost wintering area arrived earlier. We also found that species with smaller food types arrived earlier when the long-distance migratory species were excluded from the analysis. In addition, the annual dynamics of the assemblage and environments were examined. We found that temperature and snowpack were significantly associated according to the species composition changes. The functional properties of the assemblage became simpler in winter. Our findings suggest that bird assemblage dynamics from winter to summer are driven by the sequential arrival of species according to their abilities—behavioral and/or thermophysiological adaptations to cold temperatures in an environment characterized by lacking readily available food. Furthermore, cold temperatures and deep snowpack should restrict species inhabitance in winter.