Myotoxicity of Local Anesthetics and Regeneration of the Damaged Muscle Fibers
Myotoxicity of Local Anesthetics and Regeneration of the Damaged Muscle Fibers
复制标题
局麻药的肌肉毒性与受损肌纤维的再生
作者：
A. Foster;B. Carlson
鉴于有文献记载的局部麻醉剂布比卡因的肌毒作用，对7种局部麻醉剂的肌毒作用进行了调查。取70只大鼠，在一侧胫骨前肌注射麻醉溶液200 μl，对侧胫骨前肌注射对照溶液。麻醉剂对肌肉的作用分为两组。一组包括1%普鲁卡因、0.2%丁卡因、0.5%利多卡因和0.75%布比卡因，其作用主要局限于肌纤维。另一组（2%氯普鲁卡因、0.25%二布卡因、0.5%利多卡因配1:20万肾上腺素和2%哌洛卡因）除影响肌纤维外，还对肌肉的其他组织成分产生毒性作用。在所有麻醉药的作用下，肌肉纤维的初始损伤和断裂都可以通过再生恢复，30天的肌肉损伤的长期影响相对较小。
In view of the documented myotoxic effects of the local anesthetic, bupivacaine, a survey of myotoxic effects of seven local anesthetics was conducted. In 70 rats, 200 μl of an anesthetic solution was injected into one tibialis anterior muscle and a control solution was injected into the contralateral muscle. The anesthetics fell into two groups in their effects upon muscle. One group, including 1% procaine, 0.2% tetracaine, 0.5% lidocaine, and 0.75% bupivacaine, produced effects that were confined principally to the muscle fiber. The other group (2% chloroprocaine, 0.25% dibucaine, 0.5% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine and 2% piperocaine) produced toxic effects on other tissue components of the muscles in addition to affecting muscle fibers. With all anesthetics, the initial damage to and breakdown of muscle fibers was restored by regeneration and 30-day muscles showed relatively few long-term effects of the damage.