Effects of feminizing microsporidia on the masculinizing function of the androgenic gland in Gammarus duebeni
Effects of feminizing microsporidia on the masculinizing function of the androgenic gland in Gammarus duebeni
复制标题
雌性化小孢子对杜氏虾雄激素腺雄性化功能的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.jip.2012.11.008
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Jahnke M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jahnke M
雌性化寄生虫通过将遗传雄性宿主转化为表型雌性来增强其向宿主后代的垂直传播。甲壳动物是唯一的无脊椎动物，其性别分化是由一个专门的内分泌器官，雄激素腺，而不是由性腺控制。我们发现，一个女性化的微孢子虫微孢子虫抑制雄激素腺分化。研究了微孢子虫和第二种雌性化微孢子虫颗粒微孢子虫对杜氏钩虾雄腺雄性化功能的影响。雄激素腺植入对受体雌性宿主的性特征和性行为具有雄性化作用，反映了雄激素腺的雄性化功能。与对照组相比，接受雄激素腺体的个体表现出形态学的变化;它们总体上更大，它们失去了ooostelium边缘刚毛，发展了calceoli并获得了男性样行为。在未感染的雌性中观察到这种效应，在感染微孢子虫的雌性中也观察到这种效应。感染颗粒体病的个体。N. granulosis和微孢子虫属属于微孢子虫的不同分支。看来，这些不同的寄生虫都通过抑制雄激素腺的发育来发挥作用。然而，它们在抑制宿主对控制雄性性分化的激素的反应的能力上有所不同。
Feminizing parasites enhance their vertical transmission to the host offspring by converting genetic male hosts into phenotypic females. Crustacea are the only invertebrates where sexual differentiation is controlled by a specialised endocrine organ, the androgenic gland, rather than by the gonads. We showed that a feminizing microsporidian Microsporidium sp. inhibits androgenic gland differentiation. We investigated the effect of Microsporidium sp. and a second feminizing microsporidium, Nosema granulosis, on the masculinizing function of the androgenic gland in Gammarus duebeni. Androgenic gland implants had a masculinizing effect on the sexual characteristics and sexual behaviour of recipient female hosts, reflecting the masculinizing function of the androgenic gland. Individuals that had received androgenic glands showed changed morphology in comparison with controls; they were bigger overall, they lost their oostegite marginal setae, developed calceoli and acquired a male-like behaviour. This effect was observed in uninfected females, as well as in females infected with the Microsporidium sp. The masculinizing effect of androgenic gland implants was smaller in N. granulosis infected individuals. N. granulosis and Microsporidium sp. fall into distinct clades of the Microspora. It appears that these divergent parasites both act by inhibiting the development of the androgenic gland. However, they differ in their ability to inhibit the host’s response to the hormone that controls male sexual differentiation.