The Women of Suye Mura
The Women of Suye Mura
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苏耶穆拉的女人
DOI：
10.2307/2758620
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Smith
日本女性经常被外国人视为刻板印象。他们被描绘成顺从的、长期受苦的、以孩子般的方式迷人的人，据说他们是以孩子为中心的，他们的兴趣和行动局限于家庭领域。他们以受害者、棋子或悲剧女主角的身份出现：菊花夫人、蝴蝶夫人，甚至是《幕府将军》中不可能的万里子。“《Suye Mura的妇女》提供了丰富的信息，可以通过这些信息重新评估和挑战这些陈规定型观念。根据艾拉·维斯韦尔从20世纪30年代中期开始的大量实地记录，当时她和已故的丈夫约翰·恩布里在日本农村进行了一个联合研究项目，这本书与恩布里现在的标准书《苏叶村：一个日本村庄》形成了一个伴侣。“它对乡村妇女的关注，使人们对她们的日常生活有了独特的了解，并详细描绘了她们的世界观和社会理解，当时当代国家的正统观念尚未完全被接受。通过艾拉·维斯维尔的日记，我们可以了解他们的希望和恐惧，看看什么让他们高兴和昂热，并听到他们对从通奸和疾病到宗教，魔法和皇室起源的一切评论。通过直接观察获得的大量数据在文献中是无与伦比的。这一时期的日本农村女性生活，没有其他的记录，在当代社会中也找不到类似的记录。因此，对于任何对日本女性的过去和现在感兴趣的人来说，《水野村的女性》都将成为一个重要的资源。
Japanese women are frequently perceived by foreigners as stereotypes. Pictured as compliant, long-suffering, and charming in a childlike way, they are said to be child-centered and restricted in their interests and actions to the domestic realm. The appear as victim, pawn, or tragic heroine: Madame Chrysanthemum, Madame Butterfly, and even the impossible Mariko of "Shogun." "The Women of Suye Mura" provides a rich body of information by means of which such stereotypes may be reevaluated and challenged. Based on Ella Wiswell's extensive field notes from the mid-1930s-when she and her late husband John Embree undertook a joint research project in rural Japan-this volume forms a companion to Embree's now-standard "Suye Mura: A Japanese Village." Its focus on the women of the village affords a unique look at their daily lives and a detailed portrait of their world-views and social understandings at a time when the orthodoxies of the contemporary state were not yet completely accepted. Through Ella Wiswell's journal, sensitively edited by Robert Smith, we may understand some of their hopes and fears, see what amuses and angers them, and hear their comments on everything from adultery and illness to religion, magic and the origins of the imperial house. The body of data, secured by direct observation, is unparalleled in the literature. No other account of the lives of Japanese rural women of this era remains, and in no contemporary community can their like be found. "The Women of Suye Mura" will thus serve as an important resource for anyone interested in the past-and present-of the Japanese woman.