The widening of the gaze cone in patients with social anxiety disorder and its normalization after CBT
The widening of the gaze cone in patients with social anxiety disorder and its normalization after CBT
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brat.2013.03.009
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Hecht, Heiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Harbort, Johannes;Witthoeft, Michael;Hecht, Heiko
目光在社交互动中起着至关重要的作用。社交焦虑症（SAD）与社交互动的严重损害有关，因此可能表现出凝视感知障碍。我们使用虚拟头部对 SAD 患者和健康对照参与者进行了两项实验，该虚拟头部的目光可以交互操纵。我们确定了相互凝视的主观区域，即所谓的凝视锥，并在心理治疗干预之前和之后对其进行了测量（实验1）。患者比对照组表现出更大的凝视锥。过期。 2 改变虚拟头部的情绪表达。这些数据使用真人（专业演员）作为刺激进行验证。我们的凝视锥测量发现了出色的可靠性指数。认知行为治疗后，凝视锥宽度的群体差异消失了。观察情绪表达来调节凝视锥的宽度。尤其是愤怒的表情会导致凝视锥变宽，这可能是由于兴奋程度增加所致。最后，可以在虚拟和真实的人类头部中证明 SAD 患者的更宽的凝视锥，从而证实了虚拟头部的生态有效性。这些发现对于更细致地了解 SAD 患者的知觉过程具有重要意义。 (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Gaze plays a crucial role in social interactions. Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), which is associated with severe impairment of social interactions, is thus likely to exhibit disturbances of gaze perception. We conducted two experiments with SAD-patients and healthy control participants using a virtual head whose gaze could be interactively manipulated. We determined the subjective area of mutual gaze, the so-called gaze cone, and measured it prior to and after a psychotherapeutic intervention (Exp. 1). Patients exhibited larger gaze cones than control subjects. Exp. 2 varied the emotional expression of the virtual head. These data were validated using a real person (professional actor) as stimulus. Excellent reliability indices were found for our gaze cone measure. After Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, group differences in gaze cone width had disappeared. Emotional expressions were observed to modulate the gaze cone's width. Especially an angry expression caused the gaze cone to widen, possibly mediated by increased arousal. Finally, wider gaze cones in SAD-patients could be demonstrated for virtual and for real human heads confirming the ecological validity of virtual heads. The findings are of relevance for a more fine-grained understanding of perceptual processes in patients with SAD. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.