Response of primary and secondary rainforest flowers and fruits to a cyclone, and implications for plant‐servicing bats
Response of primary and secondary rainforest flowers and fruits to a cyclone, and implications for plant‐servicing bats
复制标题
初级和次生雨林花卉和水果对气旋的响应以及对植物服务蝙蝠的影响
DOI：
10.1111/gcb.14103
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Alivereti Naikatini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Annette T. Scanlon;S. Petit;Marika Tuiwawa;Alivereti Naikatini
原生（PF）和次生（SF）雨林对气旋的反应对服务动物群和森林功能的恢复力具有广泛的影响。我们在热带气旋托马斯（2010年）之前和之后的12个月调查中收集了斐济PF和SF植物群落生殖物候的精细数据。我们从2218棵树和1150棵非树（>190种）的生殖负荷以及树干和树干直径生成了一个资源指数，以评估蜜食动物和食果动物的资源丰度模式（以下简称NF资源）。我们的目的是确定（i）森林之间NF资源的物种丰富度是否不同;（ii）飓风后两种森林中社区水平NF资源的恢复力模式;以及（iii）对植物服务蝙蝠（Pteropodidae）NF资源的响应效果。在气旋前的12个月，PF树木的NF资源更大;非树木资源波动，SF更大。SF的NF资源的物种丰富度较低，表明存在较少的机会，利用不同的动物群。更多的资源可供蝙蝠在PF。在12个月后的气旋，PF花卉和水果，SF水果专门用于翼足类蝙蝠减少树木。非树木资源特别容易受到气旋的影响。没有普遍的下降模式与气旋有关;相反，一些NF资源下降，其他资源具有弹性或对气旋后环境迅速作出反应。PF和SF通过增加花存活率（PF）和快速花生产（SF）在社区水平上表现出弹性。SF NF资源的物种丰富度降低将损害未来的恢复力和对干扰的反应，包括受威胁的翼足类蝙蝠物种。这些发现对于森林的长期管理至关重要，因为预测与人为气候变化相关的气旋频率和强度会增加。
The response of primary (PF) and secondary (SF) rainforests to cyclones has broad implications for servicing fauna and the resilience of forest functions. We collected fine‐scale data on the reproductive phenology of plant communities in Fijian PF and SF in 12 monthly surveys before and after Cyclone Tomas (2010). We generated a resource index from the reproductive loads of 2218 trees and 1150 non‐trees (>190 species) and trunk and stem diameter to assess patterns in resource abundance for nectarivores and frugivores (hereafter NF resources). We aimed to determine (i) whether species richness of NF resources differed between forests; (ii) the patterns of resilience of NF resources at community level in both forests after a cyclone; and (iii) the effect of response on NF resources for plant‐servicing bats (Pteropodidae). In 12 months preceding the cyclone, NF resources were greater in PF trees; non‐tree resources fluctuated and were greater in SF. Lower species richness of NF resources in SF indicated that fewer opportunities exist there for exploitation by a diverse fauna. More resources were available for bats in PF. In 12 months following the cyclone, PF flowers and fruits, and SF fruits specifically used by pteropodid bats decreased for trees. Non‐tree resources were especially susceptible to the cyclone. No universal pattern of decline was associated with the cyclone; instead, some NF resources declined and others were resilient or responded rapidly to a post‐cyclone environment. Both PF and SF demonstrated resilience at the community level via increased flower survival (PF) and rapid flower production (SF). Reduced species richness of NF resources in SF will compromise future resilience and response to disturbance, including for threatened pteropodid bat species. These findings are critical for long‐term management of forests, given predicted increases in cyclone frequency and intensity associated with anthropogenic climate change.