Psychiatrization of Society: A Conceptual Framework and Call for Transdisciplinary Research.
Psychiatrization of Society: A Conceptual Framework and Call for Transdisciplinary Research.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2021.645556
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
von Peter S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beeker T;Mills C;Bhugra D;Te Meerman S;Thoma S;Heinze M;von Peter S
目的：在过去的几十年里，世界范围内诊断出的精神障碍的发病率一直很高，甚至不断上升，精神卫生保健服务的利用率不断增加，给医疗保健系统和社会造成了越来越大的负担。虽然比以往任何时候都有更多的人被诊断为精神病患者并接受治疗，但精神病学知识和实践影响了越来越多人的生活，在整个社会中获得了重要性，并塑造了越来越多的生活领域。这个过程可以被描述为社会的精神病化。方法：本文是一篇概念性论文，侧重于理论思考和理论发展。作为进一步研究的起点，我们建议精神病化的基本模型，考虑到其主要的子过程，以及其主要的自上而下和自下而上的驱动程序。结果：精神病治疗是高度复杂的，多样的，全球性的。它涉及各种主角，其影响可能对个人、社会和公共卫生保健有害。为了更好地理解，预防或管理其负面影响，有必要进行跨学科研究，以实证方式评估精神病化的原因，机制和影响。结论：虽然精神病治疗具有高度矛盾的效果，但其相关性主要来自其风险：虽然患有轻微幸福障碍的个体可能会受到过度诊断和过度治疗，但精神病治疗也可能导致破坏对最严重疾病的精神卫生保健提供，因为它促进了服务的适应，以满足相当温和的情况下的需求和愿望。在社会层面上，精神病化可能会促进医疗干预，刺激个人应对社会问题，而不是鼓励长期的政治解决方案。
Purpose: Worldwide, there have been consistently high or even rising incidences of diagnosed mental disorders and increasing mental healthcare service utilization over the last decades, causing a growing burden for healthcare systems and societies. While more individuals than ever are being diagnosed and treated as mentally ill, psychiatric knowledge, and practices affect the lives of a rising number of people, gain importance in society as a whole and shape more and more areas of life. This process can be described as the progressing psychiatrization of society. Methods: This article is a conceptual paper, focusing on theoretical considerations and theory development. As a starting point for further research, we suggest a basic model of psychiatrization, taking into account its main sub-processes as well as its major top-down and bottom-up drivers. Results: Psychiatrization is highly complex, diverse, and global. It involves various protagonists and its effects are potentially harmful to individuals, to societies and to public healthcare. To better understand, prevent or manage its negative aspects, there is a need for transdisciplinary research, that empirically assesses causes, mechanisms, and effects of psychiatrization. Conclusion: Although psychiatrization has highly ambivalent effects, its relevance mainly derives from its risks: While individuals with minor disturbances of well-being might be subjected to overdiagnosis and overtreatment, psychiatrization could also result in undermining mental healthcare provision for the most severely ill by promoting the adaption of services to the needs and desires of the rather mild cases. On a societal level, psychiatrization might boost medical interventions which incite individual coping with social problems, instead of encouraging long-term political solutions.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
BARSKY, AJ;BORUS, JF
通讯作者：
BORUS, JF
DOI：
10.1177/0038038510369368
发表时间：
2010-08-01
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Abraham, John
通讯作者：
Abraham, John
影响因子：
17.3
作者：
Brhlikova, Petra;Pollock, Allyson M.;Manners, Rachel
通讯作者：
Manners, Rachel
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Bandini, Julia
通讯作者：
Bandini, Julia
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Barker, K
通讯作者：
Barker, K