Ancient cattle genomics, origins, and rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent
Ancient cattle genomics, origins, and rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.aav1002
复制
发表时间：
2019-07-12
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Bradley, Daniel G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Verdugo, Marta Pereira;Mullin, Victoria E.;Bradley, Daniel G.
对67头古代近东牛（Bos taurus）的全基因组分析揭示了区域差异，这种差异在现代人群中被混合物所掩盖。早期家养牛的基因组与它们的欧洲野牛祖先的比较确定了不同的起源和野生种群的单独渐渗。后来的区域范围的青铜时代的转变表明，迅速和广泛的渗入，瘤牛，印度河流域。这一过程可能是在当前地质时代开始时，类似于4200年前，由一场广泛的多世纪干旱刺激的。与全基因组混合物相反，线粒体DNA停滞支持这种基因渗入是男性驱动的，这表明选择干旱适应的瘤牛提高了牛群的生存率。这种由人类介导的斑马遗传学迁移已经持续了数千年，改变了每个大陆的热带畜牧业。
Genome-wide analysis of 67 ancient Near Eastern cattle, Bos taurus, remains reveals regional variation that has since been obscured by admixture in modern populations. Comparisons of genomes of early domestic cattle to their aurochs progenitors identify diverse origins with separate introgressions of wild stock. A later region-wide Bronze Age shift indicates rapid and widespread introgression of zebu, Bos indicus, from the Indus Valley. This process was likely stimulated at the onset of the current geological age, similar to 4.2 thousand years ago, by a widespread multicentury drought. In contrast to genome-wide admixture, mitochondrial DNA stasis supports that this introgression was male-driven, suggesting that selection of arid-adapted zebu bulls enhanced herd survival. This human-mediated migration of zebu-derived genetics has continued through millennia, altering tropical herding on each continent.