Advanced ceramic matrix composite materials for current and future propulsion technology applications
Advanced ceramic matrix composite materials for current and future propulsion technology applications
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actaastro.2004.05.052
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Gessler, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schmidt, S;Beyer, S;Gessler, A
目前的火箭发动机，由于其制造方法、所用材料和承受的极端载荷，其特点是载荷循环次数有限，欧洲的各种技术方案除了开发可靠、坚固、低成本、一次性使用的设备外，还为未来可重复使用的推进技术做准备。实现发动机部件可重复使用的关键因素之一是使用现代创新材料。纤维增强陶瓷-陶瓷基复合材料的开发是目前世界各国发动机制造商关注的关键技术之一。开发商的优势是显而易见的-低比重，在很大的温度范围内的高比强度，以及与单片陶瓷相比的巨大的损伤容限，使这种材料作为建筑材料非常有趣。在过去的几年里，Astrium公司（原DASA）与各种合作伙伴一起，致力于开发高超音速发动机和液体火箭推进系统的部件。在2000年，进行了各种热烧试验，包括缩尺（比例1：5）和全尺寸喷管扩展。2013年，小型推进器领域又取得了一个重要的里程碑，长期测试证明了C/SiC材料的非凡稳定性。除了开发和测试辐射冷却喷管组件和小型推进器燃烧室，Astrium还致力于为未来可重复使用的推进系统初步开发主动冷却结构。为了更接近这一目标，在一个区域赞助的方案框架内开始开发一种新的纤维复合材料。这里的目标是创建多方向（3D）纺织结构结合具有成本效益的渗透过程。除了材料和工艺开发外，该项目还包括特殊金属/陶瓷和陶瓷/陶瓷连接技术的开发，以及研究和验证用于测试组件的非破坏性调查过程。@2004由Elsevier Ltd.出版
Current rocket engines, due to their method of construction, the materials used and the extreme loads to which they are subjected, feature a limited number of load cycles.Various technology programmes in Europe are concerned, besides developing reliable and rugged, low cost, throwaway equipment, with preparing for future reusable propulsion technologies. One of the key roles for realizing reusable engine components is the use of modem and innovative materials. One of the key technologies which concern various engine manufacturers worldwide is the development of fibre-reinforced ceramics-ceramic matrix composites. The advantages for the developers are obvious-the low specific weight, the high specific strength over a large temperature range, and their great damage tolerance compared to monolithic ceramics make this material class extremely interesting as a construction material.Over the past years, the Astrium company (formerly DASA) has, together with various partners, worked intensively on developing components for hypersonic engines and liquid rocket propulsion systems. In the year 2000, various hot-firing tests with subscale (scale 1:5) and full-scale nozzle extensions were conducted. In this year, a further decisive milestone was achieved in the sector of small thrusters, and long-term tests served to demonstrate the extraordinary stability of the C/SiC material.Besides developing and testing radiation-cooled nozzle components and small-thruster combustion chambers, Astrium worked on the preliminary development of actively cooled structures for future reusable propulsion systems. In order to get one step nearer to this objective, the development of a new fibre composite was commenced within the framework of a regionally sponsored programme. The objective here is to create multidirectional (3D) textile structures combined with a cost-effective infiltration process. Besides material and process development, the project also encompasses the development of special metal/ceramic and ceramic/ceramic joining techniques as well as studying and verifying non destructive investigation processes for the purpose of testing components. @ 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd.