In Search of King Solomon’s Ring: Cognitive and Communicative Studies of Grey Parrots (Psittacus erithacus)
In Search of King Solomon’s Ring: Cognitive and Communicative Studies of Grey Parrots (Psittacus erithacus)
复制标题
寻找所罗门王的戒指：灰鹦鹉（Psittacus erithacus）的认知和交流研究
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Pepperberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Pepperberg
在过去的24年里，我使用建模技术（M/R程序）来训练灰鹦鹉使用一个异源代码（英语语音）参考;然后我使用代码来测试他们的认知能力。最老的鸟，亚历克斯，标签超过50种不同的对象，7种颜色，5种形状，数量到6，3类（颜色，形状，材料），并使用'不'，'来这里'，想去X'和'想要Y'（X和Y是适当的位置或项目标签）。他结合标签来识别，请求，评论或拒绝100多个项目，并改变他的环境。他处理查询来判断类别，相对大小，数量，属性中是否存在相似性/差异，并显示标签理解。他在语义上将标注与请求分开。因此，他表现出一度被认为仅限于人类或非人类灵长类动物的能力。对这一点和其他灰色的研究表明，鹦鹉给予培训，缺乏一些方面的输入目前在M/R协议（参考，功能，社会互动）未能获得参考英语语音。研究输入如何影响鹦鹉获得异源代码的程度，可能会阐明其他形式的特殊学习机制：在正常发育过程中不太可能发生的学习，但在某些条件下可能发生。
During the past 24 years, I have used a modeling technique (M/R procedure) to train Grey parrots to use an allospecific code (English speech) referentially; I then use the code to test their cognitive abilities. The oldest bird, Alex, labels more than 50 different objects, 7 colors, 5 shapes, quantities to 6, 3 categories (color, shape, material) and uses ‘no’, ‘come here’, wanna go X’ and ‘want Y’ (X and Y are appropriate location or item labels). He combines labels to identify, request, comment upon or refuse more than 100 items and to alter his environment. He processes queries to judge category, relative size, quantity, presence or absence of similarity/difference in attributes, and show label comprehension. He semantically separates labeling from requesting. He thus exhibits capacities once presumed limited to humans or nonhuman primates. Studies on this and other Greys show that parrots given training that lacks some aspect of input present in M/R protocols (reference, functionality, social interaction) fail to acquire referential English speech. Examining how input affects the extent to which parrots acquire an allospecific code may elucidate mechanisms of other forms of exceptional learning: learning unlikely in the normal course of development but that can occur under certain conditions.
建模和纠正练习对学龄前儿童生成语言学习的影响。
DOI：
10.1044/jshd.4904.389
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
The Journal of speech and hearing disorders
影响因子：
--
作者：
Goldstein,H
通讯作者：
Goldstein,H