Selenium deficiency impaired immune function of the immune organs in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Selenium deficiency impaired immune function of the immune organs in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fsi.2018.03.024
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发表时间：
2018-06
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Lin Zheng;Lin Feng;Wei‐dan Jiang;Pei Wu;Ling Tang;S. Kuang;Yun‐Yun Zeng;Xiao‐qiu Zhou;
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lin Zheng;Lin Feng;Wei‐dan Jiang;Pei Wu;Ling Tang;S. Kuang;Yun‐Yun Zeng;Xiao‐qiu Zhou;
本试验旨在研究饲粮硒对幼草鱼头肾、脾和皮肤出血损伤抵抗能力和免疫功能的影响，以及这些影响的潜在机制。选取初始体重为226.48 ± 0.68 g的健康草鱼540尾，随机分为6组，分别饲喂硒水平分别为0.025、0.216、0.387、0.579、0.795和1.049 mg/kg的饲料，饲喂80 d。饲喂期结束后，用嗜水气单胞菌感染14 d进行免疫试验。结果表明，与最佳硒水平相比，(1)缺硒抑制了抗菌化合物和免疫球蛋白的产生，降低了抗菌肽和硒蛋白的转录丰度；(2)硒缺乏加重炎症反应的部分原因是促炎细胞因子mRNA水平上调，抗炎细胞因子mRNA水平下调，而促炎细胞因子mRNA水平上调与[IKKα， β， γ/ i -κB α/NF-κB]信号传导和[TOR/(S6K1, 4E-BP1)]信号传导有关。有趣的是，硒缺乏对幼草鱼头肾、脾和皮肤中TGF-β2、IL-4/13B、IL-10、IL-12p35、IL-15（仅皮肤）和4E-BP2的表达没有影响。最后，综合考虑草鱼增重率、皮肤出血和病变发生率、头肾ACP活性和脾脏溶菌酶活性，得出草鱼幼鱼饲粮硒的适宜需氧量为0.546 ~ 0.604 mg/kg。综上所述，硒缺乏降低了草鱼幼鱼的生长性能，损害了头肾、脾和皮肤的免疫功能。
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary selenium on resistance to skin haemorrhages and lesions and on immune function as well as the underlying mechanisms of those effects in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 540 healthy grass carp with initial body weight (226.48 ± 0.68 g) were randomly divided into six groups and fed six separate diets with graded dietary levels of selenium (0.025, 0.216, 0.387, 0.579, 0.795 and 1.049 mg/kg diet) for 80 days. After the feeding period, an immunization trial was performed by infection withAeromonas hydrophilafor 14 days. The results showed that, compared with the optimal selenium level, (1) selenium deficiency impaired the production of antibacterial compounds and immunoglobulins and down-regulated the transcript abundances of antimicrobial peptides and selenoproteins; (2) selenium deficiency aggravated inflammatory responses in part by up-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulating anti-inflammatory cytokines mRNA levels, which were partially related to [IKKα, β, γ/IκBα/NF-κB] signalling and [TOR/(S6K1, 4E-BP1)] signalling, respectively. Interestingly, selenium deficiency had no effect on the expression of TGF-β2, IL-4/13B, IL-10, IL-12p35, IL-15 (skin only) or 4E-BP2 in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp. Finally, based on the percent weight gain (PWG), the morbidity of skin haemorrhages and lesions, the ACP activity in the head kidney and the lysozyme activity in spleen, the optimal dietary selenium requirements for young grass carp were estimated to be 0.546–0.604 mg/kg diet. In summary, selenium deficiency decreased the growth performance and impaired the immune function in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp.