Initial soil formation processes of volcanogenous regosols (Scoriacious) from Miyake-Jima Island, Japan
Initial soil formation processes of volcanogenous regosols (Scoriacious) from Miyake-Jima Island, Japan
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1747-0765.2005.tb00033.x
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Higashi, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kato, T;Kamijo, T;Higashi, T
在日本三宅岛火山成因风化土(Scoriacious)的初始成土过程中，土壤剖面形态显示，在125年的时间里，在C层上形成了明显的A层，厚度约10 cm。在植被从裸地向混交林的初级演替下，土壤形成过程伴随着这些土壤形成过程，观察到了4个研究点在每次喷发时喷出的剥蚀火山物质在16年、38年、60年和125年期间发生的土壤特性的以下变化。整个表层土样中>；2 mm组分的比例减少，粘粒组分增加。电子显微镜观察表明，随着风化程度的加深，炉渣表面的气孔新形成并扩大，随着时间的推移，炉渣表面形成的风化带(多边形)更加明显。表层土壤pH降低，表层样品中的碳量随时间呈线性增加。表面样品的可交换性碱量和CEC值随时间呈现出类似的增长速度。因此，在125年期间，基本饱和度百分比保持在100%左右。结果表明，土壤交换性碱量的增加受控于火山成因土壤(Scoriacous)形成初期土壤有机质积累量的增加。
In the initial soil formation processes of the Volcanogenous Regosols (Scoriacious) from Miyake-jima Island, Japan, the soil profile morphology showed a distinct formation of the A horizon, about 10 cm thick, over C horizons during a period of 125 years. Along with these soil formation processes under the primary succession of vegetation from bare land to mixed forest, the following changes in the soil characteristics were observed of four study sites where soil formation had occurred over a period of 16, 38, 60 and 125 years in scoriacious volcanic materials ejected during each eruption. Whole soil samples of the surface horizon showed that the proportion of the > 2mm fraction decreased and the clay fraction increased. Electron microscopic observation revealed that pores on the scoria surface were newly formed and had expanded with advanced weathering, and that the formation of a weathering zone on the scoria surface (polygonal shape) was more recognized with the passage of time. Soil pH of the surface horizon decreased, and the amount of carbon in the surface samples showed a linear increase with the passage of time. The amounts of exchangeable bases and the CEC value of the surface samples showed comparable increase rates with time. Consequently, the base saturation percentage was kept at about 100% during the 125-year period. It was suggested that the increase in the amounts of exchangeable bases was controlled by the increase in the amounts of soil organic matter accumulated during the initial soil formation processes of Volcanogenous Regosols (Scoriacious).