A global assessment of the role of law in the HIV/AIDS pandemic
A global assessment of the role of law in the HIV/AIDS pandemic
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DOI：
10.1016/j.puhe.2009.01.006
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Hodge, J. G., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gable, L.;Gostin, L.;Hodge, J. G., Jr.
本文探讨了法律作为一种工具的动态作用，和潜在的障碍，旨在改善人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合症（AIDS）的全球性的负面影响的公共卫生干预措施。法律在许多方面影响着艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者和有感染风险者的生活。法律可以：（1）帮助确保公共卫生当局有权提供有效的预防和治疗方案;（2）实现艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者或有感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病危险者的生命、健康、工作、教育和财产所有权等人权;（3）通过尊重隐私和禁止不必要的歧视，保护艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者免受社会风险、耻辱和其他伤害。然而，在许多国家，法律也可能通过刑事制裁或其他政策惩罚艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者，从而造成法律的障碍，阻碍有效的艾滋病毒/艾滋病干预措施。因此，在全球范围内建议，法律应促进艾滋病毒/艾滋病的预防和治疗，使其符合科学和公共卫生惯例，并符合人权框架。有效利用促进公众健康的现行法律，改革妨碍公众健康的法律，有助于改善个人和社区在艾滋病毒/艾滋病方面的健康成果。(c)2009年，皇家公共卫生学会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
This article examines the dynamic role of law as a tool, and potential barrier, to public health interventions designed to ameliorate the negative impacts of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) globally. Law impacts the lives of persons living with (and at risk on HIV/AIDS in many ways. Laws may: (1) help to ensure that public health authorities are empowered to provide effective prevention and treatment programmes: (2) effectuate the human rights to life, health, work, education and property Ownership Of persons living with, or at risk of, HIV/AIDS: and (3) protect persons living with HIV/AIDS from social risks, stigma and other harms by respecting privacy and prohibiting unwarranted discrimination. However, laws can also create legal barriers in many countries that impede effective HIV/AIDS interventions by penalizing those with HIV/AlDS through criminal sanctions or other policies. As a result, it is recommended globally that laws should facilitate tire prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS consistent with scientific and Public health practices and with a human rights framework. Effective Use of existing laws that promote the Public's health, and reforms of laws which impede it, contribute to improved individual and communal health outcomes concerning HIV/AIDS. (c) 2009 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.