Muslim Separatism: The Moros of Southern Philippines and the Malays of Southern Thailand
Muslim Separatism: The Moros of Southern Philippines and the Malays of Southern Thailand
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穆斯林分离主义：菲律宾南部的摩洛人和泰国南部的马来人
DOI：
10.2307/2057272
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kadir bin Che
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muslim Separatism;Kadir bin Che
尽管“现代化学派”和马克思主义理论家都认为种族是政治发展道路上的一个短暂现象，但过去几十年，种族民族主义又死而复生。近年来，人们对种族主义的持续存在和复苏提出了许多解释。在此背景下，本文着眼于菲律宾棉兰老岛和泰国芭塔尼的穆斯林少数民族之间的民族分离主义政治。它解决了几个问题：考虑到对种族民族主义的持续和复苏提供的其他解释，面对将这些种族社区融入菲律宾和泰国更大的政治实体的多次尝试，人们如何解释摩洛人和马来人身份在几个世纪以来的生存？更具体地说，是什么直接因素引发了这两个地区最近出现的武装分离主义运动？第二章和第三章描述了摩洛人和马来人社区的历史、经济和社会背景。他们讨论了这两个不同的民族社区是如何演变的，并研究了在菲律宾基督教和泰国佛教占多数的统治下，作为少数民族的社区的社会经济条件。他们还描绘了摩洛人和20世纪马来人抵抗运动的历史，这些运动最终以成熟的有组织的分离主义阵线的出现而告终。伊斯兰教在创造一种区分穆斯林与非穆斯林社区的ummah（社区）意识方面的特殊作用，以及在摩洛和马来社会以及更大的伊斯兰世界社区的背景下塑造和合法化分离主义运动方面的特殊作用。除了这些更广泛的问题之外，该研究还仔细研究了分离主义斗争随着时间的推移所采取的形式，并详细研究了其结构、领导人
Despite the assumptions of both the 'modernization school' and Marxist theorists that ethnicity was a transitory phenomenon along the path to political development, the past few decades have seen a resurgence of ethnic nationalism. In recent years a number of explanations has been offered for the persistence and resurgence of ethnicity. Within this context, this thesis looks at ethnic separatist politics among the Muslim mir~ority populations in Mindanao, the Philippines and in Patani, Thailand. It addresses several questions: having regard to the alternative explanations offered for the persistence and resurgence of ethnic nationalism, how does one account for the survival of Moro and Malay identity over centuries in the face of repeated attempts to inte~rate these ethnic communities into the larger political entities of the Philippines and Thailand? More specifically, what immediate factors triggered the recent emergence of armed separatist movements in the two areas? Chapters 2 and 3 describe the historical, economic and social background of the Moro and the Malay communities. They discuss how these two distinct ethnic communities evolved and examine the socio-economic conditions of the communities as minorities under the domination of Filipino-Christian and Thai-Buddhist majorities. They depict also the history of the Moro and the Malay resistance movements in the 20th century, which culminated in the emergence of full-fledged organized separatist fronts. The particular role of Islam in creating a sense of ummah (community) that distinguished Muslim from non-Muslim communities, and in shaping and legitimating the separatist movements both within the Moro and Malay societies and in the context of the larger Islamic world community is explored. Beyond these broader questions, the study scrutinizes the form which the separatist struggles have taken over time and examines in detail the structure, leader-