Interpretations of Polar Bear ( Ursus maritimus ) Tracks by Inuit Hunters: Inter-rater Reliability and Inferences Concerning Accuracy
Interpretations of Polar Bear ( Ursus maritimus ) Tracks by Inuit Hunters: Inter-rater Reliability and Inferences Concerning Accuracy
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因纽特猎人对北极熊 (Ursus maritimus) 足迹的解释：评估者间的可靠性和有关准确性的推论
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Boag
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pamela B. Y. Wong;P. V. C. D. Groot;C. Fekken;H. Smith;M. Pagés;P. Boag
由于他们在追踪北极熊（Ursus maritimus）方面的经验，因纽特猎人可以从轨迹中提供对北极熊特征的非侵入性估计，北极熊监测项目也可以从因纽特人的投入中受益。我们确定了1)对北极熊的性别、年龄和体型估计的内部可靠性，以及由9名因纽特猎人对78条足迹进行解读后得出的足迹年龄估计；Ii)我们将性别和体型估计值与传统（科学）估计值进行了初步比较；iii)我们编目了9位因纽特猎人的北极熊狩猎经验和轨迹解释技术；第四，我们探索了狩猎经验与解释足迹能力之间的关系。这群因纽特猎人对北极熊的性别、年龄、体型以及追踪年龄做出了可靠而一致的估计（在排除了一位参与者的数据之后）。虽然我们的比较是基于小样本，但我们的发现表明，因纽特猎人在估计北极熊的性别（74.42%与基因决定一致）和北极熊的大小方面可能是准确的。我们的数据表明，猎人使用的共同跟踪技术可以解释在做出具体估计时的高度一致性，而个人的狩猎经验和用于解释轨迹的特定方法可能导致解释轨迹的可靠性和准确性。
Due to their tracking experience in pursuing Polar Bears ( Ursus maritimus ), Inuit hunters could provide non-invasive estimates of Polar Bear characteristics from tracks, and Polar Bear monitoring programs could benefit from Inuit input. We determined i) inter-rater reliability of estimates of the sex, age, and size of Polar Bears, and estimates of the age of tracks made by a group of nine Inuit hunters who interpreted 78 tracks; ii) we made preliminary comparisons of sex and size estimates with conventional (scientific) estimates; iii) we catalogued the Polar Bear hunting experience and track interpretation techniques of nine Inuit hunters; and iv) we explored relationships between hunting experience and the ability to interpret tracks. The group of Inuit hunters made reliable and consistent estimates of Polar Bear sex, age, and size, as well as estimates of age of track (after data from one participant was excluded). Although our comparisons are based on small samples, our findings suggest that Inuit hunters may be accurate in estimating the sex of Polar Bears (74.42% agreement with genetic determinations) and the size of Polar Bears from their tracks. Our data indicate shared tracking techniques used by hunters may explain high agreement in making specific estimates, while individual hunting experience and particular methods used to interpret tracks may lead to inter-rater reliability and accuracy in interpreting tracks.