The Functions of Deviance in Groups
The Functions of Deviance in Groups
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群体偏差的功能
DOI：
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发表时间：
1959
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Erikson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Dentler;K. Erikson
尽管社会学家一再指出，各种形式的社会边缘性之间存在着密切的相似性，但针对这些形式的研究才刚刚开始标志着通往越轨社会理论的道路。这种缓慢的进展可能部分是由于这样的事实：异常行为经常被视为组织失败的产物，而不是组织本身的一个方面。艾伯特·科恩最近试图详细说明异常行为社会学所需的一些假设和定义 (3)。他强调建立明确定义的概念、设计可由统一的理论体系解释的同质现象类别以及发展社会学而非心理学框架的重要性，例如，在一个中心问题中指出：“社会系统的结构决定了这些系统中发生的犯罪行为的种类以及这些行为在系统内的分布方式？” （3，第 462 页）。科恩还提出，异常行为理论应该同时解释异常行为和从众行为。也就是说，对一个的解释应作为对另一个的解释。
Although sociologists have repeatedly noted that close similarities exist between various forms of social marginality, research directed at these forms has only begun to mark the path toward a social theory of deviance. This slow pace may in part result from the fact that deviant behavior is too frequently visualized as a product of organizational failure rather than as a facet of organization itself. Albert Cohen has recently attempted to specify some of the assumptions and definitions necessary for a sociology of deviant behavior (3). He has urged the importance of erecting clearly defined concepts, devising a homogeneous class of phenomena explainable by a unified system of theory, and developing a sociological rather than a psychological framework as would be the case, for example, in a central problem which was stated: "What is it about the structure of social systems that determines the kinds of criminal acts that occur in these systems and the way in which such acts are distributed within the systems?" (3, p. 462). Cohen has also suggested that a theory of deviant behavior should account simultaneously for deviance and conformity; that is, the explanation of one should serve as the explanation of the other.