APPLYING CROWD PSYCHOLOGY TO DEVELOP RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF MASS DECONTAMINATION
APPLYING CROWD PSYCHOLOGY TO DEVELOP RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF MASS DECONTAMINATION
复制标题
DOI：
10.1089/hs.2014.0061
复制
发表时间：
2015-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Amlot, Richard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carter, Holly;Drury, John;Amlot, Richard
大规模去污是在化学、生物或放射性物质释放后，应急人员采取的一种公共卫生干预措施。它涉及到一群人，他们之间的互动以及与管理事件的应急人员的互动可能会影响去污过程的成功。公众集体经历去污的方式可能会影响他们的行为，因此对去污过程的成功至关重要。因此，应急人员和主管当局需要了解大规模紧急情况和灾害期间的人群心理。最近，社会认同的方法，人群心理学已被应用于解释公众的看法和行为在大规模突发事件。这种方法强调，群体事件是典型的群体间相遇，其中一个群体的行为可以影响另一个群体的感知和行为。我们总结了一个研究项目的结果，在该项目中，社会认同方法被应用于开发和测试大规模去污管理的建议。该研究项目的结果表明：（1）响应者对人群行为的看法很重要;（2）参与者重视更多的沟通，这会影响他们的依从性;（3）社会认同过程解释了有效的响应者沟通与相关结果变量之间的关系，如公共依从性，公共合作和公共焦虑。基于这项研究计划，我们建议4响应者管理策略，重点是提高公众的遵守，增加公众成员之间的有序和合作行为，减少公众的焦虑，并尊重公众的隐私需求。
Mass decontamination is a public health intervention employed by emergency responders following a chemical, biological, or radiological release. It involves a crowd of people whose interactions with each other and with the emergency responders managing the incident are likely to affect the success of the decontamination process. The way in which members of the public collectively experience decontamination is likely to affect their behavior and hence is crucial to the success of the decontamination process. Consequently, responders and the responsible authorities need to understand crowd psychology during mass emergencies and disasters. Recently, the social identity approach to crowd psychology has been applied to explain public perceptions and behavior during mass emergencies. This approach emphasizes that crowd events are characteristically intergroup encounters, in which the behavior of one group can affect the perceptions and behavior of another. We summarize the results from a program of research in which the social identity approach was applied to develop and test recommendations for the management of mass decontamination. The findings from this program of research show that (1) responders' perceptions of crowd behavior matter; (2) participants value greater communication and this affects their compliance; and (3) social identity processes explain the relationship between effective responder communication and relevant outcome variables, such as public compliance, public cooperation, and public anxiety. Based on this program of research, we recommend 4 responder management strategies that focus on increasing public compliance, increasing orderly and cooperative behavior among members of the public, reducing public anxiety, and respecting public needs for privacy.