Less Grease, Please. Phosphatidylethanolamine Is the Only Lipid Required for Replication of a (+)RNA Virus.
Less Grease, Please. Phosphatidylethanolamine Is the Only Lipid Required for Replication of a (+)RNA Virus.
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DOI：
10.3390/v7072784
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发表时间：
2015-06-26
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Belov GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Belov GA
真核生物的所有正链RNA病毒复制其基因组与膜。这些病毒主动改变细胞脂质代谢，以构建富含特定脂质的复制膜。正链RNA病毒对膜的普遍使用显然具有重大的进化优势;然而，我们对膜在病毒复制周期中的机械作用的理解是最少的，更不用说膜双层的特定脂质成分了。可从感染细胞分离或从粗细胞裂解物体外重构的复制复合物不允许膜组分的受控操作，从而限制了它们对于理解膜如何精确地支持复制反应的有用性。Peter Nagy小组最近的工作表明，模型正链RNA病毒的复制可以在体外与化学成分确定的脂质体反应中重建，并揭示了磷脂酰乙醇胺在维持有效的病毒RNA复制中的独特作用。这项研究开辟了新的可能性，调查膜的贡献，在复制过程中，可能最终导致开发新的广谱抗病毒化合物靶向膜依赖性元件的复制周期中保守的不同群体的病毒。
All positive strand RNA viruses of eukaryotes replicate their genomes in association with membranes. These viruses actively change cellular lipid metabolism to build replication membranes enriched in specific lipids. The ubiquitous use of membranes by positive strand RNA viruses apparently holds major evolutionary advantages; however our understanding of the mechanistic role of membranes, let alone of specific lipid components of the membrane bilayer, in the viral replication cycle is minimal. The replication complexes that can be isolated from infected cells, or reconstituted in vitro from crude cell lysates, do not allow controlled manipulation of the membrane constituents thus limiting their usefulness for understanding how exactly membranes support the replication reaction. Recent work from Peter Nagy group demonstrates that replication of a model positive strand RNA virus can be reconstituted in the in vitro reaction with liposomes of chemically defined composition and reveals an exclusive role of phosphatidylethanolamine in sustaining efficient viral RNA replication. This study opens new possibilities for investigation of membrane contribution in the replication process that may ultimately lead to development of novel broad spectrum antiviral compounds targeting the membrane-dependent elements of the replication cycle conserved among diverse groups of viruses.