Bone Regeneration Potential of Stem Cells Derived from Periodontal Ligament or Gingival Tissue Sources Encapsulated in RGD-Modified Alginate Scaffold
Bone Regeneration Potential of Stem Cells Derived from Periodontal Ligament or Gingival Tissue Sources Encapsulated in RGD-Modified Alginate Scaffold
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DOI：
10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0229
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Shi, Songtao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moshaverinia, Alireza;Chen, Chider;Shi, Songtao
与目前的治疗方式相比，间充质干细胞（MSCs）为骨再生提供了一个有利的替代治疗选择。然而，在维持MSC高存活率的同时将MSC运送到缺陷部位仍然是MSC介导的骨再生的关键挑战。本研究采用新型RGD-（精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸三肽）偶联海藻酸盐微胶囊系统，在体外和体内测试了牙周韧带干细胞（PDLSCs）和牙龈间充质干细胞（GMSCs）的骨再生能力。在免疫功能低下的小鼠中建立5毫米直径的临界大小的颅骨缺损，并将包裹在rgd修饰的海藻酸微球中的PDLSCs和GMSCs移植到缺损部位。移植后8周采用显微计算机断层扫描和组织学分析评估新骨形成情况。结果证实，与直径较大的不含rgd的海藻酸盐水凝胶微球相比，我们的微胶囊系统在体外显著提高MSC活力和成骨分化。结果证实，PDLSCs能够通过促进矿化组织的形成来修复颅骨缺损，而GMSCs的成骨分化能力明显降低。此外，通过成骨标志物Runx2、ALP和骨钙素的表达，结果显示rgd偶联藻酸盐支架促进了口腔MSCs向体外成骨细胞谱系的分化。综上所述，这些结果首次证明了在rgd修饰的海藻酸盐支架中包裹的口面部组织的MSCs具有颅面骨再生的前景。这种治疗方式有许多潜在的牙科和骨科应用。
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide an advantageous alternative therapeutic option for bone regeneration in comparison to current treatment modalities. However, delivering MSCs to the defect site while maintaining a high MSC survival rate is still a critical challenge in MSC-mediated bone regeneration. Here, we tested the bone regeneration capacity of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) encapsulated in a novel RGD- (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid tripeptide) coupled alginate microencapsulation systemin vitroandin vivo. Five-millimeter-diameter critical-size calvarial defects were created in immunocompromised mice and PDLSCs and GMSCs encapsulated in RGD-modified alginate microspheres were transplanted into the defect sites. New bone formation was assessed using microcomputed tomography and histological analyses 8 weeks after transplantation. Results confirmed that our microencapsulation system significantly enhanced MSC viability and osteogenic differentiationin vitrocompared with non-RGD-containing alginate hydrogel microspheres with larger diameters. Results confirmed that PDLSCs were able to repair the calvarial defects by promoting the formation of mineralized tissue, while GMSCs showed significantly lower osteogenic differentiation capability. Further, results revealed that RGD-coupled alginate scaffold facilitated the differentiation of oral MSCs toward an osteoblast lineagein vitroandin vivo, as assessed by expression of osteogenic markers Runx2, ALP, and osteocalcin. In conclusion, these results for the first time demonstrated that MSCs derived from orofacial tissue encapsulated in RGD-modified alginate scaffold show promise for craniofacial bone regeneration. This treatment modality has many potential dental and orthopedic applications.