Modelling and experiments to identify high-risk failure scenarios for testing the safety of lithium-ion cells
Modelling and experiments to identify high-risk failure scenarios for testing the safety of lithium-ion cells
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.01.077
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发表时间：
2019-03-31
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Darcy, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finegan, Donal P.;Darst, John;Darcy, Eric
在锂离子电池中按需故意诱导最坏情况下的热失控场景是测试电池系统安全减轻灾难性故障后果的有效性的明确方法。将内部短路（ISC）装置植入三种18650电池设计中：一种标准，一种带底部通风孔，一种带较厚外壳。通过对228个电池的广泛研究，热失控起始的位置极大地影响了电池破裂的趋势，并在特定位置引起侧壁破裂。与ISC装置的每个失效机制和位置相关的风险使用定制的热量计进行量化，该热量计可以将热量从喷射和非喷射内容物中分离出来。高风险的故障机制，如爆裂和侧壁突破的原因，阐明使用高速同步辐射X射线成像在2000帧每秒和基于图像的三维热失控计算模型，这两者一起被用来构建一个全面的描述外部风险的基础上内部结构和热现象。
Intentionally inducing worst-case thermal runaway scenarios in Li-ion cells on-demand is a definitive way to test the efficacy of battery systems in safely mitigating the consequences of catastrophic failure. An internal short-circuiting (ISC) device is implanted into three 18650 cell designs: one standard, one with a bottom vent, and one with a thicker casing. Through an extensive study of 228 cells, the position at which thermal runaway initiates is shown to greatly affect the tendency of cells to rupture and incur side-wall breaches at specific locations. The risks associated with each failure mechanism and position of the ISC device are quantified using a custom calorimeter that can decouple the heat from ejected and non-ejected contents. Causes of high-risk failure mechanisms, such as bursting and side-wall breaches, are elucidated using high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging at 2000 frames per second and image-based 3D thermal runaway computational models, which together are used to construct a comprehensive description of external risks based on internal structural and thermal phenomena.