Regulation of Transcript Elongation.
Regulation of Transcript Elongation.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-micro-091014-104047
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
Artsimovitch I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belogurov GA;Artsimovitch I
细菌缺乏亚细胞隔间，只有一种RNA聚合酶，可以合成结构和蛋白质编码的RNA，这些RNA通过不同的途径进行共转录处理。新生的rRNA折叠成精细的二级结构并与核糖体蛋白结合，而新生的rRNA由核糖体翻译。在伸长过程中，核酸信号和调节蛋白调节同时发生的RNA加工事件，指示RNA聚合酶在哪里暂停和终止转录，或者充当移动酶的障碍。执行转录、翻译、修复和其他细胞过程的复合体之间的通信确保了基因表达程序的及时执行和在应激条件下的生存。这个网络由辅助蛋白质维持，辅助蛋白质充当RNA聚合酶、核糖体和修复酶之间的桥梁，模糊了单独的信息处理步骤之间的界限，使独特的调节功能的分配变得毫无意义。因此，理解转录延长的调节需要全基因组的方法，这种方法确认已知的并揭示新的调节联系。
Bacteria lack subcellular compartments and harbor a single RNA polymerase that synthesizes both structural and protein-coding RNAs, which are cotranscriptionally processed by distinct pathways. Nascent rRNAs fold into elaborate secondary structures and associate with ribosomal proteins, whereas nascent mRNAs are translated by ribosomes. During elongation, nucleic acid signals and regulatory proteins modulate concurrent RNA-processing events, instruct RNA polymerase where to pause and terminate transcription, or act as roadblocks to the moving enzyme. Communications among complexes that carry out transcription, translation, repair, and other cellular processes ensure timely execution of the gene expression program and survival under conditions of stress. This network is maintained by auxiliary proteins that act as bridges between RNA polymerase, ribosome, and repair enzymes, blurring boundaries between separate information-processing steps and making assignments of unique regulatory functions meaningless. Understanding the regulation of transcript elongation thus requires genome-wide approaches, which confirm known and reveal new regulatory connections.