Long-term evidence for ecological intensification as a pathway to sustainable agriculture
Long-term evidence for ecological intensification as a pathway to sustainable agriculture
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DOI：
10.1038/s41893-022-00911-x
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发表时间：
2022-06-27
影响因子：
27.6
通讯作者：
Storkey, Jonathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacLaren, Chloe;Mead, Andrew;Storkey, Jonathan
生态集约化（EI）可以帮助农业回归人类的“安全操作空间”。使用一种新的应用荟萃分析的数据从30个长期的实验，从欧洲和非洲（包括25,565产量记录），我们调查了如何现场规模的EI做法相互作用，氮肥和耕作，在其对长期作物产量的影响。在这里，我们证实，EI的做法（特别是，增加作物多样性和增加肥力作物和有机质）对主要作物的产量一般有积极的影响。然而，我们发现，EI的做法有很大程度上的替代与N肥的相互作用，使EI的做法大幅增加产量在低N肥剂量，但在高N肥剂量对产量的影响很小或没有。在不同的耕作强度下，EI实践具有可比的效果，减少耕作并没有强烈影响产量。考虑到不断增长的需求和农业的环境足迹，可持续地加强粮食生产至关重要。这项荟萃分析发现，添加有机质和增加作物多样性等做法可以部分替代氮肥，以维持或提高产量。
Ecological intensification (EI) could help return agriculture into a 'safe operating space' for humanity. Using a novel application of meta-analysis to data from 30 long-term experiments from Europe and Africa (comprising 25,565 yield records), we investigated how field-scale EI practices interact with each other, and with N fertilizer and tillage, in their effects on long-term crop yields. Here we confirmed that EI practices (specifically, increasing crop diversity and adding fertility crops and organic matter) have generally positive effects on the yield of staple crops. However, we show that EI practices have a largely substitutive interaction with N fertilizer, so that EI practices substantially increase yield at low N fertilizer doses but have minimal or no effect on yield at high N fertilizer doses. EI practices had comparable effects across different tillage intensities, and reducing tillage did not strongly affect yields.Intensifying food production sustainably is critical given growing demand and agriculture's environmental footprint. This meta-analysis finds that practices such as adding organic matter and increasing crop diversity can partly substitute for nitrogen fertilizer to sustain or increase yields.