Optogenetic approaches for dissecting neuromodulation and GPCR signaling in neural circuits.
Optogenetic approaches for dissecting neuromodulation and GPCR signaling in neural circuits.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.coph.2016.11.001
复制
发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Bruchas MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spangler SM;Bruchas MR
光遗传学通过在离散细胞类型中提供时空控制来控制细胞信号传导的手段，彻底改变了神经科学。在这篇综述中，我们总结了四个主要类别的光学工具来操纵神经调节GPCR信号：视蛋白（包括工程嵌合受体）;光活化蛋白;通过笼-光开关分子的药理学;基于荧光蛋白的报告和生物传感器。此外，我们强调了在体外和体内利用这些工具的技术，包括Cre依赖的病毒载体表达和双光子显微镜。这些针对GPCR信号通路特定成员的新兴技术为研究行为和疾病状态中的GPCR信号提供了广阔的基础，并为潜在的治疗发展铺平了道路。
Optogenetics has revolutionized neuroscience by providing means to control cell signaling with spatiotemporal control in discrete cell types. In this review, we summarize four major classes of optical tools to manipulate neuromodulatory GPCR signaling: opsins (including engineered chimeric receptors); photoactivatable proteins; photopharmacology through caging - photoswitchable molecules; fluorescent protein based reporters and biosensors. Additionally, we highlight technologies to utilize these tools in vitro and in vivo, including Cre dependent viral vector expression and two-photon microscopy. These emerging techniques targeting specific members of the GPCR signaling pathway offer an expansive base for investigating GPCR signaling in behavior and disease states, in addition to paving a path to potential therapeutic developments.