Flow development in rough-bed open channels: mean velocities, turbulence statistics, velocity spectra, and secondary currents

Flow development in rough-bed open channels: mean velocities, turbulence statistics, velocity spectra, and secondary currents
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粗糙床明渠中的流动发展:平均速度、湍流统计、速度谱和二次流

DOI:
10.1080/00221686.2022.2132311
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.3
通讯作者:
Zampiron A
Zampiron A
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zampiron A

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在明渠中设计水工建筑物或规划研究试验时,从渠道进口到完全建成的水流发展所需的渠道长度往往是一个先决条件。然而,关于流量发展长度()的信息很少,甚至它的定义也是模糊的。在水力学实验中,这种知识的缺乏带来了巨大的不确定性,经常使不同研究结果的比较受到质疑。本文提供了一个基于物理学的定义,并报告了系统的实验室研究结果,以提供对其定量评估的指导。对于均匀流,我们的数据表明,平均速度场(包括侧壁二次流)、湍流应力(流向方差除外)、速度偏度和峰度以及深度尺度的大尺度运动基本上与流向坐标无关,需要多达100个流动深度()。然而,发现极大尺度的运动、流向的速度变化和粗糙度引起的二次流需要更长的时间。
The channel length required for the development of the flow, from the channel entrance to full establishment, is often a prerequisite when designing hydraulic structures or planning research experiments in open channels. However, the information on the flow development length () is scarce, and even its definition remains vague. In hydraulic experiments, this lack of knowledge introduces great uncertainty, often making comparisons of findings from different studies questionable. This paper offers a physics-based definition for, and reports results of systematic laboratory studies to provide guidance on its quantitative assessment. Our data for uniform flows suggest that up to 100 flow depths () are required for mean velocity field (including sidewall secondary currents), turbulent stresses (except streamwise variance), velocity skewness and kurtosis, and depth-scale large-scale-motions to become essentially independent of the streamwise coordinate. However, very large-scale-motions, streamwise velocity variance, and roughness-induced secondary currents are found to require longerof around.
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