THE ROLE OF ALCOHOL IN ESOPHAGEAL CANCER IN NON-SMOKERS, AND OF TOBACCO IN NON-DRINKERS
THE ROLE OF ALCOHOL IN ESOPHAGEAL CANCER IN NON-SMOKERS, AND OF TOBACCO IN NON-DRINKERS
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DOI：
10.1002/ijc.2910430507
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发表时间：
1989-05-15
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
NEGRI, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LAVECCHIA, C;NEGRI, E
在意大利北部进行的一项以医院为基础的食道癌病例对照研究的数据被用来分析不吸烟者中与酒精有关的风险，以及不饮酒者中与烟草有关的风险。在总共250名患者(198名男性，52名女性)和1,089名对照组(800名男性，289名女性)中，有38名患者和404名对照组自称终身不吸烟。在这些人中，不饮酒者和适度饮酒者(每天喝4杯酒)的相对风险没有区别，但饮酒量较高的人相对风险显著增加。对每天饮酒4至8杯的预测值为2.1，每天饮酒量超过8杯的预测值为3.6，风险的趋势在统计学上具有显著意义。同样，在30名非饮酒者和189名对照组中，吸烟者每天吸烟15支、15支-24支和≥25支的积分估计分别为2.0、3.9%和6.2%，这一趋势在统计学上也是显著的。这项研究提供了进一步的证据，表明酒精和烟草都与食道癌的风险密切相关，即使在没有接触其他风险因素的情况下也是如此。这证实了法国Calvados的一项研究之前的迹象，并提供了具有统计学意义的流行病学证据，表明单独接触烟草在食道癌病因学中起着独立的作用。在没有暴露于另一种因素的受试者中，暴露于两种因素中任何一种的相对风险很容易与总体数据集中的另一种因素调整后的估计值相当，从而进一步证实了酒精和烟草对食道癌发生的独立影响。
Data from a hospital‐based case‐control study of oesophageal cancer conducted in Northern Italy were used to analyse the risk associated with alcohol in non‐smokers and with tobacco in non‐drinkers. Out of a total of 250 cases (198 males, 52 females) and 1,089 controls (800 males, 289 females), there were 38 cases and 404 controls who described themselves as lifelong non‐smokers. Among these persons, the relative risk was not different for teetotallers and moderate drinkers (<4 drinks per day), but increased markedly for higher levels of alcohol consumption. The point estimates were 2.1 for 4 to 8 and 3.6 for over 8 drinks per day, and the trend in risk was statistically significant. Likewise, among 30 cases and 189 controls who were non‐drinkers, the point estimates were 2.0, 3.9 and 6.2 for smokers of <15, 15–24 and ≥25 cigarettes per day, with, again, a statistically significant trend. This study supplies further evidence that both alcohol and tobacco are strongly related to the risk of oesophageal cancer, even in the absence of exposure to the other risk factor. This confirms previous indications from a study in Calvados, France and also provides statistically significant epidemiological evidence of an independent role of exposure to tobacco alone in the aetiology of oesophageal cancer. The relative risks associated with exposure to either of the 2 factors among subjects not exposed to the other were readily comparable to the estimates adjusted for the other factor in the overall data‐set, thus further confirming the independent effect of alcohol and tobacco on oesophageal carcinogenesis.