The Stokes drift and wave induced-mass flux in the North Pacific
The Stokes drift and wave induced-mass flux in the North Pacific
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DOI：
10.1029/2012jc008113
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发表时间：
2012-08-18
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Oey, Lie-Yauw
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tamura, Hitoshi;Miyazawa, Yasumasa;Oey, Lie-Yauw
利用第三代海浪模式，利用卫星测高资料估算的地转流，直接估算了北太平洋实际波场和海流中的Stokes漂移和波浪诱导质量通量。与现场浮标资料的比较表明，该模型表现良好，在代表斯托克斯漂移场和总波动量。在北太平洋，年平均表面Stokes漂移为2 - 10 cm/s，平均Stokes e折叠深度为1 - 2 m。使用体波参数估计的斯托克斯漂移场与浮标数据相比较差，并且高估（低估）了直接从波谱计算的斯托克斯e-折叠深度（表面斯托克斯漂移），大5-20倍（小2-10倍）。平均波高和质量输送的空间分布大致遵循与大气强迫相关的天气尺度，并且波致质量通量的散度显著地受本地风场、海岸和洋流的影响。由于黑潮延伸区存在沿着强烈的波浪折射，Stokes散度引起的表层垂直速度与Ekman速度相当，并可能改变锋面的中尺度动力学。
Stokes drift and wave induced-mass flux in realistic wavefields and ocean currents in the North Pacific Ocean are studied using a third generation wave model with ambient geostrophic currents estimated from satellite altimetry data to directly estimate the Stokes drift for random directional waves. Comparison with in situ buoy data shows that the model performed well in representing the Stokes drift field and total wave momentum. In the North Pacific, the annual mean surface Stokes drift ranges from 2 to 10 cm/s and the mean Stokes e-folding depth is 1 to 2 m. The Stokes drift fields estimated using bulk wave parameters compare poorly against buoy data, and are shown to overestimate (underestimate) the Stokes e-folding depth (the surface Stokes drift) computed directly from wave spectra by as much as 5-20 times larger (2-10 times smaller). The spatial distributions of mean wave height and mass transport approximately follow the synoptic scale associated with atmospheric forcing, and the divergence of wave induced-mass flux is significantly modified by local fetch, the coast and ocean currents. Due to strong wave refraction along the Kuroshio extension, surface vertical velocity induced by Stokes divergence is comparable to the Ekman velocity, and may alter the meso-scale dynamics of the front.