The government of Kenya's cash transfer program reduces the risk of sexual debut among young people age 15-25.
The government of Kenya's cash transfer program reduces the risk of sexual debut among young people age 15-25.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0085473
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Thirumurthy H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Handa S;Halpern CT;Pettifor A;Thirumurthy H
本研究的目的是评估肯尼亚政府的孤儿和弱势儿童现金转移（Kenya CT-OVC）是否可以通过推迟初次性行为来降低年轻人感染艾滋病毒的风险。该方案提供每月20美元的无条件直接汇款给家庭中的主要照顾者。2007-2009年在七个地区实施了对该计划的评估。14个地点被随机分配接受程序，14个被分配到对照组。2007年选取了家庭样本进行评估。我们在2011年重新访问了这些家庭，收集了15-25岁个体的性活动信息。我们使用了逻辑回归，调整了受访者的年龄、性别和与照顾者的关系，照顾者的年龄、性别和学校教育，以及家庭是否在基线时居住在内罗毕，以比较生活在项目家庭中的年轻人与生活在尚未进入项目的对照家庭的年轻人的初次性行为率。根据这些协变量进行调整后，我们的结果显示，该计划将初次性行为的几率降低了31%。在行为风险的次要结果上，如避孕套的使用、性伴侣的数量和交易性行为，没有统计学上的显著影响。由于CT-OVC向照顾者而不是儿童提供现金，并且没有与收据相关的明确条件，因此这些影响是间接的，并且可能通过让年轻人上学来实现。我们的研究结果表明，就降低非洲东部和南部年轻人的艾滋病毒风险而言，以减贫为目标的大规模国家社会现金转移计划可能具有潜在的积极溢出效益。
The aim of this study is to assess whether the Government of Kenya's Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children (Kenya CT-OVC) can reduce the risk of HIV among young people by postponing sexual debut. The program provides an unconditional transfer of US$20 per month directly to the main caregiver in the household. An evaluation of the program was implemented in 2007–2009 in seven districts. Fourteen Locations were randomly assigned to receive the program and fourteen were assigned to a control arm. A sample of households was enrolled in the evaluation in 2007. We revisited these households in 2011 and collected information on sexual activity among individuals between 15–25 years of age. We used logistic regression, adjusted for the respondent's age, sex and relationship to caregiver, the age, sex and schooling of the caregiver and whether or not the household lived in Nairobi at baseline, to compare rates of sexual debut among young people living in program households with those living in control households who had not yet entered the program. Our results, adjusted for these covariates, show that the program reduced the odds of sexual debut by 31 percent. There were no statistically significant effects on secondary outcomes of behavioral risk such as condom use, number of partners and transactional sex. Since the CT-OVC provides cash to the caregiver and not to the child, and there are no explicit conditions associated with receipt, these impacts are indirect, and may have been achieved by keeping young people in school. Our results suggest that large-scale national social cash transfer programs with poverty alleviation objectives may have potential positive spillover benefits in terms of reducing HIV risk among young people in Eastern and Southern Africa.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
de Walque D;Dow WH;Nathan R;Abdul R;Abilahi F;Gong E;Isdahl Z;Jamison J;Jullu B;Krishnan S;Majura A;Miguel E;Moncada J;Mtenga S;Mwanyangala MA;Packel L;Schachter J;Shirima K;Medlin CA
通讯作者：
Medlin CA
DOI：
10.1363/3901413
发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Kelly, Christine A.;Soler-Hampejsek, Erica;Hewett, Paul C.
通讯作者：
Hewett, Paul C.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Michelo, Charles;Sandoy, Ingvild F.;Fylkesnes, Knut
通讯作者：
Fylkesnes, Knut
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Cho, Hyunsan;Hallfors, Denise D.;Iritani, Bonita J.
通讯作者：
Iritani, Bonita J.
影响因子：
0.9
作者：
Alviar, Carlos;Davis, Benjamin;Ward, Patrick
通讯作者：
Ward, Patrick