Liquid-like interactions in heterochromatin: Implications for mechanism and regulation.
Liquid-like interactions in heterochromatin: Implications for mechanism and regulation.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ceb.2020.03.004
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
S. Sanulli;Geeta J Narlikar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sanulli;Geeta J Narlikar
真核生物基因组的大部分被包装成异染色质，这是一个多功能的平台，对维持基因组稳定性至关重要。异染色质通常与紧密的和转录抑制的染色质状态相关，早期被认为是静态的和锁定的隔室。然而，过去17年的累积发现表明，异染色质在不同的时间尺度和大小尺度上表现出动态变化。这些动力学被认为是必不可少的异染色质的调节。这篇综述说明了异染色质结构和功能的关键原则是如何沿着这些年来发展的，并总结了导致这些原则不断修订的发现。使用异染色质蛋白1介导的异染色质作为背景下，我们讨论了一个新的范例异染色质组织的基础上两个新兴的概念，相分离和核小体结构可塑性。我们还研究了更广泛的影响，这种模式的染色质组织和调控以外的异染色质。
A large portion of the eukaryotic genome is packed into heterochromatin, a versatile platform that is essential to maintain genome stability. Often associated with a compact and transcriptionally repressed chromatin state, heterochromatin was earlier considered a static and locked compartment. However, cumulative findings over the last 17 years have suggested that heterochromatin displays dynamics at different timescales and size scales. These dynamics are thought to be essential for the regulation of heterochromatin. This review illustrates how the key principles underlying heterochromatin structure and function have evolved along the years and summarizes the discoveries that have led to the continuous revision of these principles. Using heterochromatin protein 1–mediated heterochromatin as a context, we discuss a novel paradigm for heterochromatin organization based on two emerging concepts, phase separation and nucleosome structural plasticity. We also examine the broader implications of this paradigm for chromatin organization and regulation beyond heterochromatin.