Defect production in non-equilibrium phase transitions: experimental investigation of the Kibble–Zurek mechanism in a two-qubit quantum simulator
Defect production in non-equilibrium phase transitions: experimental investigation of the Kibble–Zurek mechanism in a two-qubit quantum simulator
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DOI：
10.1088/1367-2630/aa6653
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Jingfu Zhang;F. Cucchietti;R. Laflamme;D. Suter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jingfu Zhang;F. Cucchietti;R. Laflamme;D. Suter
以有限速率穿过量子临界点的系统在瞬时哈密顿量的不同本征态之间进行转变的概率是有限的。这一机制由基布尔提出，作为早期宇宙拓扑缺陷形成的基本机制，并由祖雷克提出，作为凝聚态物质系统的基本机制。在这里，我们使用核自旋系统作为经历非平衡量子相变的实验量子模拟器。实验数据证实了缺陷形成的 Kibble-Zurek 机制的有效性。
Systems passing through quantum critical points at finite rates have a finite probability of undergoing transitions between different eigenstates of the instantaneous Hamiltonian. This mechanism was proposed by Kibble as the underlying mechanism for the formation of topological defects in the early universe and by Zurek for condensed matter systems. Here, we use a system of nuclear spins as an experimental quantum simulator undergoing a non-equilibrium quantum phase transition. The experimental data confirm the validity of the Kibble–Zurek mechanism of defect formation.