HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS IN SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS IN SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
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DOI：
10.1126/science.269.5227.1065
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发表时间：
1995-08-25
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
NOYORI, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JESSOP, PG;IKARIYA, T;NOYORI, R
超临界流体 (SCF) 是加热和加压超过临界点的化合物，具有许多不寻常的特性。均相分子催化剂比非均相固体催化剂对选择性的控制要好得多，目前正在 SCF 中进行测试，早期结果表明可以实现高速率、提高选择性并消除传质问题。随着工业界逐渐摆脱有毒或对环境有害的溶剂，超临界二氧化碳可能成为非极性或弱极性化学过程的理想替代介质。 SCF 不仅仅是非极性溶剂的替代品，它还可以从根本上改变观察到的化学反应。正如其氢化研究所证明的那样，超临界二氧化碳也是其自身固定的极好介质。
Supercritical fluids (SCFs), compounds heated and pressurized beyond the critical point, have many unusual properties. Homogeneous molecular catalysts, which have far greater control over selectivity than heterogeneous solid catalysts, are now being tested in SCFs, and early results show that high rates, improved selectivity, and elimination of mass-transfer problems can be achieved. As industry moves away from toxic or environmentally damaging solvents, supercritical carbon dioxide may be an ideal replacement medium for nonpolar or weakly polar chemical processes. More than simply substitutes for nonpolar solvents, SCFs can radically change the observed chemistry. Supercritical carbon dioxide is also an excellent medium for its own fixation, as demonstrated by studies of its hydrogenation.