The format of representation of recognized words in infants' early receptive lexicon
The format of representation of recognized words in infants' early receptive lexicon
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DOI：
10.1016/s0163-6383(96)90007-7
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发表时间：
1996-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
DeBoyssonBardies, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Halle, PA;DeBoyssonBardies, B
11个月奥尔兹可以在实验情境中识别出一些模糊的熟悉单词，这些情境中没有语调、情境或可能的视觉参照物的提示。也就是说，这个年龄段的婴儿（可能更小）可以仅根据声音模式识别单词。本文讨论的问题是婴儿用来编码他们识别的单词的心理表征类型是什么。一系列法语学习婴儿的实验结果表明，在11个月大的婴儿的单词表征是分段指定不足，并建议他们都是更指定不足时，婴儿从事识别单词，而不仅仅是参加无意义的语音声音。但是，不充分指定也有其局限性，我们在这里就词首辅音进行了探讨。最后两个实验显示了进一步研究这些限制词首辅音以及在其他词的位置段的方式。在法语中，婴儿的单词表征是足够灵活的，以允许在发音结构上的变化，甚至在单词首辅音的发音方式上。然而，单词的首字母辅音必须存在，才能被识别。总之，一个平行的新兴能力之间提出忽略的变化是不相关的单词识别在一个“词汇模式”和忽略的变化是音位无关的“中性模式”听母语。
Eleven-month-olds can recognize a few auditorily presented familiar words in experimental situations where no hints are given by the intonation, the situation, or the presence of possible visual referents. That is, infants of this age (and possibly somewhat younger) can recognize words based on sound patterns alone. The issue addressed in this article is what is the type of mental representations infants use to code words they recognize. The results of a series of experiments with French-learning infants indicate that word representations in 11-month-olds are segmentally underspecified and suggest that they are all the more underspecified when infants engage in recognizing words rather than merely attending to meaningless speech sounds. But underspecification has limits, which were explored here with respect to word-initial consonants. The last two experiments show the way to investigating further these limits for word-initial consonants as well as for segments in other word positions. In French, infants' word representations are flexible enough to allow for structural changes in the voicing or even in the manner of articulation of word-initial consonants. Word-initial consonants must be present, however, for words to be recognized. In conclusion, a parallel is proposed between the emerging capacities to ignore variations that are irrelevant for word recognition in a ''lexical mode'' and to ignore variations that are phonemically irrelevant in a ''neutral mode'' of listening to native speech.