The Foram Stress Index: A New Tool for Environmental Assessment of Soft-Bottom Environments Using Benthic Foraminifera. A Case Study from the Saronikos Gulf, Greece, Eastern Mediterranean
The Foram Stress Index: A New Tool for Environmental Assessment of Soft-Bottom Environments Using Benthic Foraminifera. A Case Study from the Saronikos Gulf, Greece, Eastern Mediterranean
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有孔虫压力指数：利用底栖有孔虫对软底环境进行环境评估的新工具。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.07.030
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
E. Papathanasiou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Dimiza;M. Triantaphyllou;O. Koukousioura;P. Hallock;N. Simboura;A. Karageorgis;E. Papathanasiou
萨洛尼卡湾，包括Elefsis湾工业区和比雷埃夫斯，是希腊受气候影响最严重的沿海地区之一。2012年2月从该海湾收集的沉积物样本中底栖有孔虫的独特组合，确定了三个区域，反映了沉积物的非生物参数（例如，有机碳、金属含量）。一个低多样性组合，主要由耐胁迫的Ammonia tepida和Buliminaspp.，是埃莱夫西斯湾样本的特征样本从西部和中部的萨罗尼科斯湾是最可变的非生物参数和有孔虫组合，其特点是混合的耐应力和更敏感的类群，特别是Bolivinaspp。和Nonion fabum。样品从海岸的萨拉米斯和在东部部门的海湾的特点是由一个多样化的组合，includedPeneroplis pertusus，miliolids，和各种小的，附生rotaliid类群。一个新的生物指数，有孔虫压力指数（FSI），是基于两个生态组的底栖有孔虫物种的相对百分比，分组根据他们的耐受性/敏感性有机质富集和加权比例，以获得一个公式来定义五个生态状态类。FSI对这些样本进行了三个排名（差，中等和良好），与大型无脊椎动物分类工具BENTIX指数密切相关。FSI提供了一个新的工具，根据底栖有孔虫组合来评估沉积物或基质质量，而底栖有孔虫组合是活的小型底栖生物群落的重要组成部分，而大多数生物底栖指数通常不考虑这些生物群落。
Saronikos Gulf, including the industrial zone of Elefsis Bay and the Port of Piraeus, is one of the most anthropogenically impacted coastal regions of Greece. Distinct assemblages of benthic foraminifers in sediment samples, collected from this gulf in February 2012, defined three zones that reflect abiotic parameters of the sediments (e.g., organic carbon, metal content). A low-diversity assemblage, dominated by stress-tolerantAmmonia tepidaandBuliminaspp., was characteristic of samples from Elefsis Bay. Samples from the western and central part of Saronikos Gulf were the most variable with respect to both abiotic parameters and the foraminiferal assemblage, characterized by a mix of stress-tolerant and more sensitive taxa, especiallyBolivinaspp. andNonion fabum. Samples from the coast of Salamis and at the eastern sector of the gulf were characterized by a diverse assemblage that includedPeneroplis pertusus, miliolids, and a variety of small, epiphytic rotaliid taxa. A new biotic index, the Foram Stress Index (FSI), is based on the relative percentages of two ecological groups of benthic foraminiferal species, grouped according to their tolerance/sensitivity to organic matter enrichment and weighted proportionately to obtain a formula to define five ecological-status classes. The FSI produced three rankings for these samples (Poor, Moderate and Good), that strongly correlate with the macroinvertebrate-classification tool known as the BENTIX Index. The FSI provides a new tool to assess sediment or substrata quality based upon the benthic foraminiferal assemblages, which are a significant component of living meiobenthic communities that are generally not considered in most biotic benthic indices.