Hydrothermal Alteration of Organic Matter in Marine and Terrestrial Systems
Hydrothermal Alteration of Organic Matter in Marine and Terrestrial Systems
复制标题
海洋和陆地系统中有机物的热液蚀变
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4615-2890-6_17
复制
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Simoneit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Simoneit
1977年在加拉帕戈斯海底扩张中心发现了活跃的热液喷口和相关的矿化作用（Corlisset等人，1979年）开始了对全球海脊波峰的广泛调查。与大洋扩张中心有关的热液系统是一种相对普遍的现象，也是地质学、生物学和地球化学领域最活跃的研究课题之一。对扩张中心活动系统的形态、成矿作用和流体化学进行了综述（例如，Barrett和Jambor，1988; Rona，1988; Ronaet al.，1983; Von Damm，1990）和与古代沉积物有关（例如，富兰克林等人，1981; Scott，1985）。其他具有类似热液系统的非裂谷地区是构造活动俯冲带、断裂带和弧后盆地。活跃的海底系统是进行化学合成生物化学的动物的主要生境。这一点和新物种的特征现在是生物学的一个主要课题（例如，Jones，1985;奇尔德里斯，1988; Grassle，1985）。
The discovery in 1977 of active hydrothermal venting and associated mineralization at the seafloor spreading center of the Galápagos (Corlisset al., 1979) initiated extensive surveys of global ridge crests. Hydrothermal systems associated with ocean spreading centers are now recognized as a relatively common phenomenon and are thus one of the most actively researched topics in geology, biology, and geochemistry. The morphology, mineralization, and fluid chemistry of the active systems in spreading centers have been reviewed (e.g., Barrett and Jambor, 1988; Rona, 1988; Ronaet al., 1983; Von Damm, 1990) and related to ancient deposits (e.g., Franklinet al., 1981; Scott, 1985). Other nonrift areas with analogous hydrothermal systems are tectonically active subduction zones, fracture zones, and back-arc basins. The active seafloor systems are a major niche for fauna carrying out chemosynthetic biochemistry. This and the characterization of new species is now a main topic in biology (e.g., Jones, 1985; Childress, 1988; Grassle, 1985).