Microalgal biofilm induces larval settlement in the model marine worm Platynereis dumerilii
Microalgal biofilm induces larval settlement in the model marine worm Platynereis dumerilii
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DOI：
10.1101/2024.01.23.576855
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发表时间：
2024-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Cameron Hird;G. Jékely;Elizabeth A. Williams
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作者：
Cameron Hird;G. Jékely;Elizabeth A. Williams
自由游泳的幼虫阶段是许多海洋无脊椎动物生命周期的特征。为了过渡到栖息在海底的幼体阶段，幼体需要在特定的环境线索的引导下从浮游生物中定居下来，引导它们到达未来在海底生活的理想栖息地。尽管海洋环节动物 Platynereis dumerilii 自 20 世纪 50 年代以来一直在研究实验室中进行培养，并且具有自由游动的幼虫阶段，但诱导这种沙蚕定居的特定环境因素尚未确定。在这里，我们证明微藻生物膜是杜美氏幼虫的关键沉降线索，诱导早期沉降，并促进随后的幼体生长作为主要食物来源。我们测试了杜米氏 P. dumerilii 对 40 种不同微藻菌株（主要是硅藻物种）的沉降反应，发现杜氏 P. dumerilii 在选择沉降基质时具有物种特异性偏好。诱导杜美幼虫沉降最有效的硅藻物种是底栖羽状物种，包括 Grammatophora marina、Achnanthes brevipes 和 Nitzschia ovalis。杜梅氏拟杆菌定居的特定环境线索的识别使其生态与调节幼虫行为和发育的感觉和神经系统信号之间建立了联系。将硅藻纳入 P. dumerilii 养殖实践将改善这种海洋无脊椎动物模型的饲养。
A free-swimming larval stage features in many marine invertebrate life cycles. To transition to a seafloor-dwelling juvenile stage, larvae need to settle out of the plankton, guided by specific environmental cues that lead them to an ideal habitat for their future life on the seafloor. Although the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii has been cultured in research labs since the 1950s and has a free-swimming larval stage, specific environmental cues that induce settlement in this nereid worm are yet to be identified. Here we demonstrate that microalgal biofilm is a key settlement cue for P. dumerilii larvae, inducing earlier onset of settlement, and enhancing subsequent juvenile growth as a primary food source. We tested the settlement response of P. dumerilii to 40 different strains of microalgae, predominantly diatom species, finding that P. dumerilii have species-specific preferences in their choice of settlement substrate. The most effective diatom species for inducing P. dumerilii larval settlement were benthic pennate species including Grammatophora marina, Achnanthes brevipes, and Nitzschia ovalis. The identification of specific environmental cues for P. dumerilii settlement enables a link between its ecology and the sensory and nervous system signalling that regulate larval behaviour and development. Incorporation of diatoms into P. dumerilii culture practices will improve the husbandry of this marine invertebrate model.