Attachment Anxiety and the Curvilinear Effects of Expressive Suppression on Individuals' and Partners' Outcomes
Attachment Anxiety and the Curvilinear Effects of Expressive Suppression on Individuals' and Partners' Outcomes
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DOI：
10.1037/pspi0000338
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发表时间：
2021-09-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Sigal, Matthew J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Girme, Yuthika U.;Peters, Brett J.;Sigal, Matthew J.
抑制负面情绪的表达往往会破坏个人及其伴侣的幸福。然而，有时表达抑制可能是相对无害的，因为个体通常会抑制负面情绪以维持亲密关系，尤其是当表达抑制是由那些表现出放大的负面情绪表达的人实施的时候，比如那些高依恋焦虑的人。目前的研究通过测试个体的表达抑制对个体和伴侣的结果的曲线效应是否受到个体的依恋焦虑的调节，来检查何时以及对谁来说表达抑制可能更昂贵或更便宜。我们在3个二元研究中的结果显示，在预测个体的结果时，表达抑制的线性效应：更大的表达抑制对个体有成本（较低的关系满意度，报告的反应和讨论成功，以及更大的讨论威胁）。此外，在5个模型中的4个模型中，在预测伴侣的结果时出现了表达抑制的适度曲线效应。对于低依恋焦虑的个体，低水平的表达抑制并没有导致他们的合作伙伴的关系满意度，个人的反应，讨论成功的看法，和讨论的威胁成本。然而，一旦表达抑制超过中等水平，更大的表达抑制对合作伙伴的结果产生不利影响。相比之下，对于高依恋焦虑的个体来说，中高水平的表达抑制对伴侣结果的负面影响有所减弱。这些新的结果表明，考虑曲线方法可以揭示何时以及对谁来说，表达抑制在亲密关系中的代价可能更大或更小。
Suppressing the expression of negative emotions tends to undermine individuals' and their partners' wellbeing. However, sometimes expressive suppression may be relatively innocuous given that individuals commonly withhold negative emotions in order to maintain close relationships, and this may be especially the case when expressive suppression is enacted by people who exhibit amplified expressions of negative emotions, such as those high in attachment anxiety. The current research examined when and for whom expressive suppression may be more or less costly by testing whether the curvilinear effect of individuals' expressive suppression on individuals' and partners' outcomes is moderated by individuals' attachment anxiety. Our results across 3 dyadic studies revealed a linear effect of expressive suppression when predicting individuals' outcomes: greater expressive suppression had costs for individuals (lower relationship satisfaction, reported responsiveness and discussion success, and greater discussion threat). Furthermore, in 4 of the 5 models, a moderated curvilinear effect of expressive suppression emerged when predicting partners' outcomes. For individuals low in attachment anxiety, low levels of expressive suppression did not incur costs for their partners' relationship satisfaction, perceptions of individuals' responsiveness, discussion success, and discussion threat. Once expressive suppression surpassed moderate levels, however, greater expressive suppression had a detrimental effect on partners' outcomes. In contrast, for individuals high in attachment anxiety, the negative effect of moderate-to-high levels of expressive suppression on partners' outcomes was attenuated. These novel results demonstrate how considering curvilinear methods can uncover when and for whom expressive suppression may be more or less costly in intimate relationships.