Seventy-five years of biodiversity decline of fish assemblages in Chinese isolated plateau lakes: widespread introductions and extirpations of narrow endemics lead to regional loss of dissimilarity
Seventy-five years of biodiversity decline of fish assemblages in Chinese isolated plateau lakes: widespread introductions and extirpations of narrow endemics lead to regional loss of dissimilarity
复制标题
中国高原孤岛湖泊鱼类组合生物多样性衰退七十五年：狭隘特有种的广泛引入和灭绝导致区域差异性丧失
DOI：
10.1111/ddi.12507
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Brosse, Sebastien
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding, Chengzhi;Jiang, Xiaoming;Brosse, Sebastien
目的外来物种的引入在全球范围内改变了本地群落的结构和功能，已成为生物多样性的主要威胁之一。目前入侵的模式、过程和后果已经在全球范围内得到了深入的研究，但报告大面积入侵的长期动态的研究很少。在过去的75年里，我们测量了中国高原孤立湖泊景观中鱼类组合组成的时间变化如何驱动分类差异及其更替成分。地理位置云贵高原，15个孤立湖泊。方法采用Sorensen指数和Simpson指数定量分析1940-2015年间植物分类学差异及其更替成分的变化。结果湖泊间的分类差异随着时间的推移而减少，主要是由于物种更替的减少。这种同质化过程是由于大多数湖泊中相同的非本地物种的入侵和狭窄的特有物种的灭绝的综合影响。物种不相似性和更替的显著下降是由历史上物种组合间的高度不相似性引起的。在区域尺度上，引入和灭绝的联合效应改变了湖泊间分类相似性的距离衰减。令人惊讶的是，这种β -多样性梯度目前不再受到生物地理和进化过程的支持，而是受到人类介导的不同外来物种在某些湖泊中的引入的支持。此外，一个灭绝债务过程是明显的，因为灭绝有时发生在引入非本地物种多年之后。本研究强调了孤立湖泊鱼类的高度历史分化已经转向同质化，而由于密集的引入，特有物种急剧减少。这提供了一个引人注目的例子，说明人类控制了一个扩展的湖泊景观，并对历史上由狭窄的特有物种主导的孤立系统造成了不可弥补的生物多样性损害。
Aim Introductions of exotic species have globally modified the structure and function of native assemblages and are recognized as one of the major threats to biodiversity. The current patterns, processes and consequences of invasion have been intensively studied globally, but studies reporting the long-term dynamics of invasions over large areas are rare. Here, we measured how the temporal changes in fish assemblage composition in a Chinese highland isolated-lake landscape drive taxonomic dissimilarity and its turnover component over three successive time periods spanning the last 75 years.Location Yun-Gui Plateau, 15 isolated lakes.Methods The Sorensen and Simpson indices were used to quantify changes in taxonomic dissimilarity and its turnover component over 1940-2015.Results We report a decline of taxonomic dissimilarity between lakes through time, mainly due to a decrease in species turnover. Such a homogenization process was due to the combined effects of the invasion of the same non-native species in most lakes and of extirpation of narrow endemic species. The strong decline in species dissimilarity and turnover was triggered by a high historical level of dissimilarity among assemblages. At a regional scale, the combined effect of introductions and extirpations modified the distance decay of taxonomic similarity between lakes. Surprisingly, this beta-diversity gradient is currently no longer supported by biogeographic and evolutionary processes, but by the human-mediated introduction of distinct exotic species in some lakes. Moreover, an extinction debt process was evident as extirpations sometimes occurred many years after the introduction of non-native species.Main conclusions Our study highlights that high historical differentiation of fishes in isolated lakes has turned to homogenization with dramatic loss of endemic species due to intensive introductions. This provides a striking example of human domination over an extended lake landscape and its associated irreparable biodiversity damages on isolated systems historically dominated by narrow endemic species.